Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Alternative microalgal diets for cultivation of the fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis (Branchiopoda: Anostraca)

  • Published:
Aquaculture International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fairy shrimp is known as a nutritional food for fish and crustaceans in aquaculture. In most hatcheries, the microalga Chlorella sp. appears to be the most common, suitable, and nutritious food to feed fairy shrimp. In this study, we attempted to determine other alternative algal diets for cultivation of fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis. Seven experimental diets including three treatments of dried Spirulina sp. at 0.75 (S1), 1.5 (S2), and 3.0 mg dry weight individual−1 (S3); three treatments of Chlorococcum humicola at 5 × 105 (Ch1), 1 × 106 (Ch2), and 2 × 106 cells mL−1 (Ch3); and a control diet (Chlorella vulgaris at 1 × 106 cells mL−1) were fed to 5-day-old shrimp for 15 days. Evaluation of growth performance, egg production, survival percentage, and nutritional and carotenoid content of the experimental fairy shrimp revealed that Ch3 is the most suitable algal diet. Our results suggest that C. humicola is the best alternative food source for the cultivation of B. thailandensis. In addition, dried Spirulina powder is also a good choice when live algae are not available and can be used as an alternative feed in fairy shrimp cultures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ali AJ, Dumont HJ (1995) Larviculture of the fairy shrimp, Streptocephalus proboscideus (Crustacea, Anostraca): effect of food concentration and physical and chemical properties of the culture medium. Hydrobiologia 298:159–165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AOAC (2012) Official methods of analysis, 19th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, Maryland

    Google Scholar 

  • Boonmak P, Saengphan N, Sanoamuang L (2007) Biology and fecundity of two fairy shrimps, Streptocephalus sirindhornae Sanoamuang, Murugan, Weekers and Dumont and Branchinella thailandensis Sanoamuang, Saengphan and Murugan. KKU Res J 12:125–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Bower CE, Holm-Hansen T (1980) A salicylate-hypochlorite method for determining ammonia in sea water. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 37:794–798

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brendonck L (1993) Feeding in the fairy shrimp Streptocephalus proboscideus (Frauenfeld) (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). I Aspects of the feeding biology. J Crustac Biol 13:235–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brendonck L, Rogers DC, Olesen J, Weeks S, Hoeh WR (2008) Global diversity of large branchiopods (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:167–176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Claus C, Benijts F, Vandeputte G, Gardner W (1979) The biochemical composition of the larvae of two strains of Artemia salina (L.) reared on two different algal foods. J Exp Mar Bio Ecol 36:171–183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dararat W, Lomthaisong K, Sanoamuang L (2012) Biochemical composition of three species of fairy shrimps (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) from Thailand. J Crustacean Biol 32:81–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dararat W, Starkweather PL, Sanoamuang L (2011) Life history of three fairy shrimps (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) from Thailand. J Crustacean Biol 31:623–629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Walsche C, Mertens J, Dumont HJ (1991) Observations on temperature optimum, cyst production, and survival of Streptocephalus proboscideus (Frauenfeld, 1873) (Crustacea: Anostraca), fed different diets. Hydrobiologia 212:21–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FAO (2017) Aquaculture Feed and Fertilizer Resources Information System. http://www.fao.org/fishery/affris/species-profiles/nile-tilapia/feed-formulation/en/), 4 August 2017

  • Hargreaves JA, Kucuk S (2001) Effects of diel un-ionized ammonia fluctuation on juvenile hybrid striped bass, channel catfish and blue tilapia. Aquaculture 195:163–181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu WJ, Chichester CO, Davies BH (1970) The metabolism of β-carotene and other carotenoids in the brine shrimp, Artemia salina L. (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Comp Biochem Phys 32:69–79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffries HP (1970) Seasonal composition of temperate plankton communities: fatty acids. Limnol Oceanogr 15:419–426

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffrey SW, Montoure RFC, Wright SW (1997) Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography: guidelines to modern methods p. 661. UNESCO publishing, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Murugan G, Nelis HJ, Dumont HJ, De Leenheer AP (1995) Cis-and all-trans-canthaxanthin levels in fairy shrimps. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 110(4):799–803

  • Nelis H, Lavens P, Van Steenberge M, Sorgeloos P, Criel G, De Leenheer A (1988) Qualitative and quantitative changes in the carotenoids during development of the brine shrimp Artemia. J Lipid Res 29:491–499

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nootong K, Pavasant P, Powtongsook S (2011) Effects of organic carbon addition in controlling inorganic nitrogen concentrations in a biofloc system. J World Aquacult Soc 42:339–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plodsomboon S, Maeda-Martínez AM, Obregón-Barboza H, Sanoamuang L (2012) Reproductive cycle and genitalia of the fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). J Crustac Biol 32:711–726

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plodsomboon S, Sanoamuang L (2007) Effect of salinity on survival of the Thai fairy shrimp’s nauplii (Branchinella thailandensis Sanoamuang, Saengphan and Murugan, 2002). J Sci Res (Section T) 6:165–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers DC, Thaimuangphol W, Saengphan N, Sanoamuang L (2013) Current knowledge of the south east Asian large branchiopod Crustacea (Anostraca, Notostraca, Laevicaudata, Spinicaudata, Cyclestherida). J Limnol 72(s2):69–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saejung C, Hatai K, Wada S, Kurata O, Sanoamuang L (2011) Clinical observations of black disease in fairy shrimps, Streptocephalus sirindhornae and Branchinella thailandensis, from Thailand and pathogen verification. J Fish Dis 34:911–920

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saejung C, Hatai K, Sanoamuang L (2014a) Bath efficacy of sodium hypochlorite, oxytetracycline dihydrate and chloramphenicol against bacterial black disease in fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis. Aquac Res 45:1697–1705

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saejung C, Hatai K, Sanoamuang L (2014b) The in-vitro antibacterial effects of organic salts, chemical disinfectants and antibiotics against pathogens of black disease in fairy shrimp of Thailand. J Fish Dis 37(1):33–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saengphan N (2005) Culture of the Thai fairy shrimp, Branchinella thailandensis Sanoamuang, Saengphan and Murugan, 2002 for commercial applications in Thailand. Thesis, Khon Kaen University, Thailand

  • Saengphan N, Sanoamuang L (2009) Effect of food concentrations on growth and survival of the fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis Sanoamuang, Saengphan and Murugan. Burapha Sci J (special volume): 19−28

  • Saengphan N, Shiel RJ, Sanoamuang L (2005) The cyst hatching pattern of the Thai fairy shrimp, Branchinella thailandensis Sanoamuang, Saengphan & Murugan, 2002 (Anostraca). Crustaceana 78:513–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saleha A, Dhar D, Singh P (2011) Comparative pigment profiles of different Spirulina strains. Res Biotech 2:67–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanoamuang L, Murugan G, Weekers PHH, Dumont HJ (2000a) Streptocephalus sirindhornae, new species of freshwater fairy shrimp (Anostraca) from Thailand. J Crustac Biol 20:559–565

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanoamuang L, Sanoamuang N, Saengphan N, Chusing R, Athibai S, Lekchan S (2000b) Species diversity and distribution of fairy shrimps in Thailand. Khon Kaen University, Thailand

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanoamuang L, Saengphan N (2006) A new species of Streptocephalus fairy shrimp (Crustacea, Anostraca) with tetrahedral cysts from central Thailand. Int Rev Hydrobiol 91:250–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanoamuang L, Saengphan N, Murugan G (2002) First record of the family Thamnocephalidae (Crustacea: Anostraca) from Southeast Asia and description of a new species of Branchinella. Hydrobiologia 486:63–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selvarani BJ (2009) Food preference of fairy shrimp Streptocephalus dichotomus (Baird) Crustacea: Anostraca. J Appl Biol Sci 16:840–844

    Google Scholar 

  • Shu S, Maeda-Martinez AM, Rogers DC, Yang J, Chen X (2015) Morphological characterization of Streptocephalus sirindhornae (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) from South East Asia: first record of the Streptocephalidae from China. Zootaxa 3911:447–450

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sivathanu B, Palaniswamy S (2012) Purification and characterization of carotenoids from green algae Chlorococcum humicola by HPLC-NMR and LC-MS-APCI. Biomed Prev Nutr 2:276–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soeder CJ (1980) Massive cultivation of microalgae: results and prospects. Hydrobiologia 72:197–209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sornsupharp B, Lomthaisong K, Dahms HU, Sanoamuang L (2015) Effects of dried fairy shrimp Streptocephalus sirindhornae meal on pigmentation and carotenoid deposition in flowerhorn cichlid; Amphilophus citrinellus (Günther, 1864) × Cichlasoma trimaculatum (Günther, 1867). Aquac Res 46:173–184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sornsupharp S, Dahms HU, Sanoamuang L (2013) Nutrient composition of fairy shrimp Streptocephalus sirindhornae nauplii as live food and growth performance of giant freshwater prawn postlarvae. Aquac Nutr 19:349–359

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sriputhorn K, Sanoamuang L (2007) Culture of the Thai fairy shrimp (Branchinella thailandensis Sanoamuang, Saengphan and Murugan) by bioextract and yeast as food. J Sci Res (Section T) 6:369–375

    Google Scholar 

  • Sriputhorn K, Sanoamuang L (2011) Fairy shrimp (Streptocephalus sirindhornae) as live feed improve growth and carotenoid contents of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Int J Zool Res 7:138–146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stanier R, Kunisawa R, Mandel M, Cohen-Bazire G (1971) Purification and properties of unicellular blue-green algae (order Chroococcales). Bacteriol Rev 35:171–205

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strickland J, Parsons T (1972) A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bulletin 167, 2 edn. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa, Canada

  • Velu CS, Munuswamy N (2007) Composition and nutritional efficacy of adult fairy shrimp Streptocephalus dichotomus as live feed. Food Chem 100:1435–1442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Velu CS, Czeczuga B, Munuswamy N (2003) Carotenoprotein complexes in entomostracan crustaceans (Streptocephalus dichotomus and Moina micrura). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 135(1):35–42

  • Yuan JP, Chen F, Liu X, Li XZ (2002) Carotenoid composition in the green microalga Chlorococcum. Food Chem 76:319–325

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zarattini P, Mura G (2004) The effects of food type on length-weight growth, sexual differentiation, and survival in Chirocephalus ruffoi (Anostraca) cultured under standard conditions. J Crustac Biol 24:225–231

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission, through the Food and Functional Food Research Cluster Ph.D. program No. 54124.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Lalida Chaoruangrit & La-orsri Sanoamuang

  2. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong & Sorawit Powtongsook

  3. Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong & Sorawit Powtongsook

  4. International College, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    La-orsri Sanoamuang

Authors
  1. Lalida Chaoruangrit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sorawit Powtongsook
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. La-orsri Sanoamuang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to La-orsri Sanoamuang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chaoruangrit, L., Tapaneeyaworawong, P., Powtongsook, S. et al. Alternative microalgal diets for cultivation of the fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). Aquacult Int 26, 37–47 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-017-0191-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-017-0191-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation