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Impact scenarios of shrimp farming in coastal region of Bangladesh: an approach of an ecological model for sustainable management

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Abstract

Bangladesh is one of the major shrimp-producing countries in the world. It is blessing with an advantageous natural setting for shrimp farming and contributes the national economy of Bangladesh since mid-1980s. Although shrimp culture provides millions of employment and has profits about US$ 450 million annually, it has been facing a host of challenges. It has been associated with a number of negative environmental and social impacts, which hinder the sustainable development of this blooming sector. This paper aims to focus on how the shrimp farming of Bangladesh is affecting the adjacent environment as well as society, and to propose a management approach for its sustainability by reviewing the available scientific literatures. The findings of the study show that the continuous and unregulated shrimp farming has immense impacts on human, ecology, environment and sustainability through saline water intrusion, soil and water quality deterioration, mangrove destruction, pollution, sedimentation, disease outbreaks, loss of biodiversity and destruction of local ecosystem. The study also identifies some socioeconomic consequences including traditional livelihood displacement, change in agricultural pattern, food insecurity, reduction social security, displacement and marginalization, social unrest and conflicts. Inappropriate management practices, lack of scientific knowledge, improper monitoring of legal aspects and inadequate plans regarding water quality, seed supply, irrigation facilities and fishery resources are the main reasons for these issues. So, proper implementation of the resilient strategies designed in conceptual ‘ecological model’ becomes an urgent requirement to minimize the adverse impacts on the coastal dwellers and environment and to improve the unplanned shrimp farming process in similar areas of Bangladesh.

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  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirngar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh

    S. M. Didar-Ul Islam & Mohammad Amir Hossain Bhuiyan

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Didar-Ul Islam, S.M., Bhuiyan, M.A.H. Impact scenarios of shrimp farming in coastal region of Bangladesh: an approach of an ecological model for sustainable management. Aquacult Int 24, 1163–1190 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-016-9978-z

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