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The improvement of growth, digestive enzyme activity and disease resistance of white shrimp by the dietary citric acid

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Abstract

A 45-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary citric acid on growth, digestive enzyme and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp with initial body weight of 5.57 ± 0.21 g were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.0 g kg−1 (control), 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g kg−1 citric acid. Results showed that weight gain was increased by 15.9 % and feed conversion ratio was decreased by 0.17 by 2.0 g kg−1 dietary citric acid compared with control group (P < 0.05). Intestinal protease activity of shrimp fed 2.0 g kg−1 citric acid was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of control group. No significant difference was found in intestinal amylase activity among treatments (P > 0.05). The activities of serum phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase and lysozyme in 2.0 and 3.0 g kg−1 citric acid group were significantly higher, and accumulative mortalities of the two groups on the fourth day after injection of Vibrio alginolyticus were significantly lower than those of control group (P < 0.05). Results above demonstrated that dietary citric acid could improve growth performance, immunity and resistance against V. alginolyticus. The supplementation level of citric acid in diet was suggested to be 2.0–3.0 g kg−1 for white shrimp.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Commission (No. 2009-6-6), Shanghai aquatic fishery key project (No. Y1101).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Lingang New City, 201306, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Xionggao Su, Xiaoqin Li, Xiangjun Leng, Chonggui Tan, Bo Liu, Xianqi Chai & Ting Guo

  2. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoqin Li & Xiangjun Leng

  3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoqin Li & Xiangjun Leng

  4. Shanghai University Knowledge Service Platform, Shanghai Ocean University Aquatic Animal Breeding Center (ZF1206), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoqin Li & Xiangjun Leng

Authors
  1. Xionggao Su
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  2. Xiaoqin Li
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  3. Xiangjun Leng
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  4. Chonggui Tan
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  5. Bo Liu
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  6. Xianqi Chai
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  7. Ting Guo
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Correspondence to Xiangjun Leng.

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Su, X., Li, X., Leng, X. et al. The improvement of growth, digestive enzyme activity and disease resistance of white shrimp by the dietary citric acid. Aquacult Int 22, 1823–1835 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9785-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9785-3

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