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RETRACTED ARTICLE: NPC-16, a novel naphthalimide–polyamine conjugate, induced apoptosis and autophagy in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and Bel-7402 cells

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This article was retracted on 03 February 2021

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Abstract

The antitumor effects and molecular mechanism of NPC-16, a novel naphthalimide–polyamine conjugate, were evaluated in HepG2 cells and Bel-7402 cells. Apoptosis and necrosis were evaluated by Annexin V-FITC detection kit, and autophagy by acridine orange and Lyso-Tracker Red staining. The change of mitochondrial transmembrane potential was measured using rhodamine 123 staining. The protein expression of Beclin 1, LC3 II and mTOR, p70S6 K, 14-3-3, caspase, and Bcl-2 family members was detected by immunofluorescence assays and Western Blot. Here, we elucidated the nature of cellular response of HepG2 cells and Bel-7402 cells to NPC-16 at IC50. NPC-16 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway in Bel-7402 cells. Differently, NPC-16 triggered HepG2 cells both apoptosis and autophagy, further autophagy facilitated cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, mTOR signal pathway was involved in NPC-16-mediated autophagy in HepG2 cells. Thus, NPC-16 may be useful as a potential template for investigation the molecular mechanism of naphthalimide–polyamine conjugate against hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20872027; 90913001), Projects of Science and Technology of Henan (No. 0821022700; 072102330028), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (No. 20090450092).

Conflict of interest

All authors have no personal or financial conflict of interest and have not entered into any agreement that could interfere with our access to the data on the research, or upon our ability to analyze the data independently, to prepare manuscripts, and to publish them.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemical Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

    Song-qiang Xie

  2. The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

    Song-qiang Xie, Qian Li, Ya-hong Zhang, Jian-hong Wang, Zi-hou Mei, Jin Zhao & Chao-jie Wang

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  1. Song-qiang Xie
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  2. Qian Li
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  7. Chao-jie Wang
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Correspondence to Chao-jie Wang.

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Xie, Sq., Li, Q., Zhang, Yh. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: NPC-16, a novel naphthalimide–polyamine conjugate, induced apoptosis and autophagy in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and Bel-7402 cells. Apoptosis 16, 27–34 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-010-0537-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-010-0537-1

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