Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Residential Mobility Among Patients in the VA Health System: Associations with Psychiatric Morbidity, Geographic Accessibility, and Continuity of Care

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper reports on residential mobility among patients treated in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health system. We examine mobility in relation to patients’ psychiatric disorders, and we assess the impact of mobility on health system geographic accessibility and continuity of care following inpatient discharge. Subjects included 534,002 patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, or with none of these conditions, who received VA services in both FY01 and FY02. We report the frequency and predictors of residential moves; we examine distance moved and changes in the proximity of VA providers; and we evaluate associations with timely receipt of outpatient care following inpatient discharges. Approximately 25% of patients with bipolar disorder, 20% with schizophrenia, 16% with depression, and 9% of patients without these conditions completed a residential move in FY2002. When relocating, patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were more likely to move closer to providers, suggesting greater sensitivity to accessibility barriers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abood, Z., Sharkey, A., Webb, M., Kelly, A., & Gill, M. (2002). Are patients with bipolar affective disorder socially disadvantaged? A comparison with a control group. Bipolar Disorders, 4, 243–248.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bachrach, L. L. (1987). Geographic mobility and the homeless mentally ill. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 38, 27–28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breslow, R. E., Klinger, B. I., & Erickson, B. J. (1998). County drift: A type of geographic mobility of chronic psychiatric patients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 20, 44–47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cowper, D. C., & Longino, C. F. (1992). Veteran interstate migration and VA health service use. Gerontologist, 32, 44–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dauncey, K., Giggs, J., Baker, K., & Harrison, G. (1993). Schizophrenia in Nottingham: Lifelong residential mobility of a cohort. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 613–619.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dembling, B. P., Rovnyak, V., Mackey, S., & Blank, M. (2002). Effect of geographic migration on SMI prevalence estimates. Mental Health Services Research, 4(1), 7–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Druss, B. G., & Rosenheck, R. A. (1997). Use of medical services by veterans with mental disorders. Psychosomatics, 38, 451–458.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duan, N. (1983). Smearing estimate: A nonparametric retransformation method. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 78(383), 605–610.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine. (2001). Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine. (2006). Improving the quality of health care for mental and substance-use conditions. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kales, H. C., Neighbors, H. W., Valenstein, M., Blow, F. C., Taylor, K. K., Gillon, L., et al. (2005). Impact of race and gender on primary care physicians’ diagnosis and treatment of late-life depression. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(5), 777–784.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lamont, A., Ukoumunne, O. C., Tyrer, P., Thornicroft, G., Patel, R., & Slaughter, J. (2000). The geographic mobility of severely mentally ill residents in London. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 35(4), 164–169.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lix, L. M., Hinds, A., DeVerteuil, G., Robinson, J. R., Walker, J., & Roos, L. L. (2006). Residential mobility and severe mental illness: A population-based analysis. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 33(2), 160–171.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, J. F. (2002). Accessibility barriers to care among individuals with psychoses: Distance effects on volume and continuity of care. Doctoral dissertation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.

  • McCarthy, J. F., Blow, F. C., Valenstein, M., Fischer, E. P., Owen, R. R., Barry, K. L., et al. (2007). VA health system and mental health treatment retention among patients with serious mental illness: Evaluating accessibility and availability barriers. Health Services Research, 3(42), 1042–1060.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, J. F., Piette, J. D., Fortney, J. C., Valenstein, M., & Blow, F. C. (2006). Outpatient visit chaining among patients with serious mental illness. Medical Care, 44(3), 257–264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McClellan, M., McNeil, B. J., & Newhouse, J. P. (1994). Does more intensive treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly reduce mortality? Analysis using instrumental variables. JAMA, 272(11), 859–866.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pankratz, L., & Jackson, J. (1994). Habitually wandering patients. New England Journal of Medicine, 331(26), 1752–1755.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phibbs, C. S., & Luft, H. S. (1995). Correlation of travel time on roads versus straight line distance. Medical Care Research & Review, 52(4), 532–542.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potter, L. B., Kresnow, M., Powell, K. E., Simon, T. R., Mercy, J. A., Lee, R. K., et al. (2001). The influence of geographic mobility on nearly lethal suicide attempts. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 32, 42–48.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenheck, R. A., Desai, R., Steinwachs, D., & Lehman, A. (2000). Benchmarking treatment of schizophrenia: A comparison of service delivery by the national government and by state and local providers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 188, 209–216.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • US Census Bureau. 2005. American Community Survey 2003 Data Profile. http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/Profiles/Single/2003/ACS/Tabular/010/01000US2.htm (accessed 2/4/2005).

  • Valenstein, M., Copeland, L. A., Blow, F. C., McCarthy, J. F., Zeber, J. E., Gillon, L., et al. (2002). Pharmacy data identifies poorly adherent patients with schizophrenia at increased risk for admission. Medical Care, 40(8), 630–639.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Veterans Affairs. (2006). VA site tracking system. End of fiscal year inventories: End of 2002. http://vaww.va.gov/vhaopp/enroll01/PocketCard/VAST2_06.pdf (accessed 7/6/06).

  • Wolinsky, F. D., Coe, R. M., Mosely, R. R., & Homan, S. M. (1985) Veterans’ and nonveterans’ use of health services: A comparative analysis. Medical Care, 23(12), 1358–1371.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

Dr. McCarthys’ work was funded by VA Grants # HSR&D TXI 01-014 and MRP 03-320.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John F. McCarthy.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

McCarthy, J.F., Valenstein, M. & Blow, F.C. Residential Mobility Among Patients in the VA Health System: Associations with Psychiatric Morbidity, Geographic Accessibility, and Continuity of Care. Adm Policy Ment Health 34, 448–455 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-007-0130-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-007-0130-2

Keywords

Navigation