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Characterization of a novel clade of Xanthomonas isolated from rice leaves in Mali and proposal of Xanthomonas maliensis sp. nov.

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Abstract

Four bacterial strains, designated M89, M92, M97T, and M106, were isolated in a previous study from surface-sterilized leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) or murainagrass (Ischaemum rugosum) at three sites in Mali, Africa. Here they were examined by a polyphasic taxonomic approach and analysis of a whole-genome sequence. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA sequence and multilocus sequence analysis of seven genes showed that these four strains formed a distinct lineage representing a novel species within the genus Xanthomonas. This was supported by whole-genome average nucleotide identity values calculated from comparisons of strain M97T with established Xanthomonas species. The strains can be differentiated from the known Xanthomonas species on the basis of their fatty acid and carbohydrate utilization profiles. Population growth studies on rice confirmed that these bacteria multiply in rice leaves without causing symptoms. Identification of this novel species can be accomplished by using diagnostic primer sets or by gyrB gene sequence analysis. We propose to classify these rice- and grass-associated bacteria as Xanthomonas maliensis sp. nov. with strain M97T = CFBP7942T = LMG27592T as the type strain.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture Grants 2011-67012-30670 and USDA-CSREES-2006-55605-16645 and by a grant from the Colorado State University Programs of Research and Scholarly Excellence (PRSE). V. Verdier (IRD) was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship (EU Grant PIOF-GA-2009-235457) at CSU (Bioagricultural Sciences and Plant Management).The BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection is supported by the Federal Public Planning Service - Science Policy, Belgium.

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Author notes

  1. Lindsay R. Triplett

    Present address: Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1177, USA

    Lindsay R. Triplett, Valérie Verdier, Tony Campillo, Loïc Deblais, Rene Corral & Jan E. Leach

  2. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR Résistance des Plantes aux Bioagresseurs, IRD-CIRAD-UM2, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    Valérie Verdier

  3. Plant Sciences Unit – Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium

    Cinzia Van Malderghem, Martine Maes & Bart Cottyn

  4. BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, LM-UGent, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Ilse Cleenwerck

  5. Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST), Université de Bamako, Bamako, Mali

    Ousmane Koita

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  1. Lindsay R. Triplett
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lindsay R. Triplett.

Additional information

The Genbank accession numbers for the gene sequences referenced in this paper are KF306102-KF306211 (housekeeping genes) and KF992841-KF992843 (16S RNA genes).The accession for the draft genome sequence of Xanthomonas maliensis M97T is AQPR00000000.

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Triplett, L.R., Verdier, V., Campillo, T. et al. Characterization of a novel clade of Xanthomonas isolated from rice leaves in Mali and proposal of Xanthomonas maliensis sp. nov.. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107, 869–881 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-015-0379-5

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