Abstract
A new actinobacterium strain, designated 2AT, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab (India) and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. It showed antimicrobial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including drug resistant bacteria and fungi. The strain had chemotaxononomic and morphological properties typical of the genus Streptomyces. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain showed 99.9, 99.5 and 99.5 % similarity with Streptomyces flavotricini DSM 40152T, Streptomyces toxytricini DSM 40178T and Streptomyces globosus DSM 40815T, respectively. This strain formed a coherent cluster with them and shared DNA–DNA homology of 37.6 ± 0.6, 34.4 ± 0.5 and 33.1 ± 0.4 % with type strains, S. flavotricini DSM 40152T, S. globosus DSM 40815T and S. toxytricini DSM 40178T, respectively. Further, the strain was readily distinguished from the phylogenetic close relatives in a variety of morphological, physiological and biochemical properties. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strain 2AT represents a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces amritsarensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain 2AT (=MTCC 11845T=JCM 19660T).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Antony-Babu S, Goodfellow M (2008) Biosystematics of alkaliphilic streptomycetes isolated from seven locations across a beach and dune sand system. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 94:581–591
Bauer AW, Kirby WMM, Sherris JC, Turck M (1996) Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol 45:493–496
Bligh EG, Dyer WJ (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911–917
Cowan ST, Steel KJ (1965) Manual for the identification of medical bacteria. Cambridge University Press, London
Euzéby JP (2012) List of bacterial names with standing in nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet (Last full update: 13 September 2013). http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/s/streptomycesa.html
Jones KL (1949) Fresh isolates of actinomycetes in which the presence of sporogenous aerial mycelia is a fluctuating characteristic. J Bacteriol 57:141–145
Kämpfer P (2012) Genus I. Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943, 339AL emend. Witt and Stackebrandt 1990, 370, emend. Wellington, Stackebrandt, Sanders, Wolstrup and Jorgensen 1992, 159. In: Goodfellow M, Kämpfer P, Busse H-J, Trujillo ME, Suzuki K-I, Ludwig W, Whitman WB (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, Part B, vol 5, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, pp 1455–1517
Kim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K, Yoon SH, Kim M, Na H, Park SC, Jeon YS, Lee JH, Yi H, Won S, Chun J (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA Gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716–721
Komagata K, Suzuki K (1987) Lipid and cell-wall analysis in bacterial systematics. Methods Microbiol 19:161–207
Lanyi B (1987) Classical and rapid identification methods for medically important bacteria. Methods Microbiol 19:1–67
Lechevalier MPA, Lechevalier HA (1980) The chemotaxonomy of actinomycetes. In: Dietz A, Thayer DW (eds) Actinomycete taxonomy. Society for Industrial Microbiology, Arlington, pp 22–291
Mandel M, Marmur J (1968) Use of ultraviolet absorbance temperature profile for determining the guanine plus cytosine content of DNA. Methods Enzymol 12B:195–206
Mayilraj S, Kroppenstedt RM, Suresh K, Saini HS (2006) Kocuria himachalensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the Indian Himalayas. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1971–1975
Pandey KK, Mayilraj S, Chakrabarti T (2002) Pseudomonas indica sp. nov., a novel butane-utilizing species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1559–1567
Saha P, Mondal AK, Mayilraj S, Krishnamurthi S, Bhattacharya A, Chakrabarti T (2005) Paenibacillus assamensis sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from a warm spring in Assam, India. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2577–2581
Sasser M (1990) Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids, MIDI Technical Note 101. MIDI Inc, Newark
Sharma D, Kaur T, Chadha BS, Manhas RK (2011) Antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and various other pathogens. Trop J Pharm Res 10:801–808
Shirling EB, Gottlieb D (1966) Methods for characterization of Streptomyces species. Int J Syst Bacteriol 16:313–340
Smibert RM, Krieg NR (1994) Phenotypic characterization. In: Gerhardt P, Murray RGE, Wood WA, Krieg NR (eds) Methods for general and molecular bacteriology. American Society of Microbiology, Washington, pp 607–654
Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol 30:2725–2729
Tourova TP, Antonov AS (1987) Identification of microorganisms by rapid DNA–DNA hybridization. Methods Microbiol 19:333–355
Waksman SA, Henrici AT (1943) The nomenclature and classification of the actinomycetes. J Bacteriol 46:337–341
Wayne LG, Brenner DJ, Colwell RR, Grimont PAD, Kandler O, Krichevsky MI, Moore LH, Moore WEC, Murray R-G-E et al (1987) International committee on systematic bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India for providing the financial assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sharma, D., Mayilraj, S. & Manhas, R.K. Streptomyces amritsarensis sp. nov., exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 105, 943–949 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0151-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0151-2