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Characterization of probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from an estuarine environment for application in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) farming

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Abstract

Bacterial attachment to fish surfaces and the capacity to compete with pathogens for adhesion sites are essential characteristics in order to select a candidate probiotic for aquaculture. Twelve lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fish and sediments from Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina, were examined for in vitro adhesion to rainbow trout mucus, cell surface properties and competitive exclusion against two salmonid pathogens, Yersinia ruckeri and Aeromonas salmonicida. In order to assess their survival through the digestive tract, pH and rainbow trout bile tolerance were evaluated. All LAB strains survived for 1.5 h incubation in 10% rainbow trout bile. Most of the strains survived 1.5 h at pH 3.0 and three of them showed a reduction of viable counts lower than 2 logarithms, with respect to control (pH 6.5). Only a few strains showed tolerate pH 2.0. All the strains were able to attach to rainbow trout skin mucus (104–106 cells/cm2), to glass (104–105 cells/cm2) and to stainless steel (103–104 cells/cm2). Sixty percent of LAB strains were capable of competing with and successfully excluding Y. ruckeri and all strains were able to displace it. Against A. salmonicida, 75% of LAB strains competed successfully, 50% were capable of displacing and 60% excluded this pathogen. Our data suggest the potential of these strains as anti-infective agents for use in rainbow trout culture. This study is the first report on the probiotic potential of LAB strains isolated from an estuarine environment from Argentina.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Agencia de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología of Argentina, BID 1728 OC/AR, PICT 2005, No. 32897. The comments of anonymous reviewers were appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000, Bahia Blanca, Argentina

    María Gabriela Sica, Patricia Liliana Marucci & María Amelia Cubitto

  2. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, PLAPIQUI (CONICET-UNS), San Juan 670, 8000, Bahia Blanca, Argentina

    Lorena Inés Brugnoni

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  1. María Gabriela Sica
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  2. Lorena Inés Brugnoni
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  3. Patricia Liliana Marucci
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  4. María Amelia Cubitto
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Correspondence to María Amelia Cubitto.

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Sica, M.G., Brugnoni, L.I., Marucci, P.L. et al. Characterization of probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from an estuarine environment for application in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) farming. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101, 869–879 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9703-5

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