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Sleep Disturbance and Total Sleep Time in Persons Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Abstract

Short and long sleep durations have been associated with inflammation and chronic diseases. To study the association between sleep duration/quality and HIV disease severity, a cross-sectional study was conducted in patients living with HIV (PLWHs) using self-administered questionnaires assessing total sleep time, insomnia (ICSD-3 criteria), and poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). Multivariable logistic regression identified the factors associated with sleep disorders and with HIV features. 640 Parisian ambulatory PLWHs were included. The prevalence of insomnia was 50 and 68% of patients had a PSQI > 5. Patients with CD4 count < 500 cells/mm3 were more likely to be long sleepers (> 8 h/day) (OR 1.49; 95% CI [1.10–1.99]: p < 0.01), and less likely to be short sleepers (< 6 h/day) (OR 0.69; 95% CI[0.50–0.96]; p = 0.04) or to experience insomnia (OR 0.59; 95% CI[0.40–0.86]; p < 0.01). HIV features were not associated with a PSQI > 5. Thus, insomnia and impaired sleep quality were highly prevalent in well-controlled PLWHs and the severity of HIV infection was associated with long sleep times.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank: all the patients, Sandra Colas, Agnès Cros, Aline Maignan, Christophe Lalanne, Dr Hafeda Rostane, and Pr Jean-Marc Tréluyer for data management and study organization, Dr Jacques Gilquin, Dr Blanca Hadacek, Dr Christophe Kokougan, Dr Audrey Merlet, Dr Lella Nait-Ighil, Dr Thu-Huyen Nguyen, and Pr Alain Sobel, for patient recruitment, and the residents of the Immuno-infectiology Unit.

Funding

This study was funded by the Agence publique française de recherches sur le sida et les hépatites virales (ANRS).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Brice Faraut, Alexandre Malmartel, Damien Leger, Sophie Grabar and Jean-Paul Viard have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Équipe d’accueil VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil (VIFASOM) EA 7330, Paris, France

    Brice Faraut & Damien Leger

  2. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, APHP, HUPC, Hôtel Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Paris, France

    Brice Faraut & Damien Leger

  3. Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôtel-Dieu, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité and INSERM UMRS 1136, Paris, France

    Alexandre Malmartel & Sophie Grabar

  4. Department of Family Medicine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 24, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France

    Alexandre Malmartel

  5. Immuno-infectiology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôtel-Dieu, and Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA 7327, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France

    Jade Ghosn & Jean-Paul Viard

  6. Department of Clinical Research (Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit), AP-HP, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France

    Martin Duracinsky

  7. INSERM, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institut Pierre Louis d’épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France

    Sophie Grabar

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  1. Brice Faraut
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  2. Alexandre Malmartel
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  3. Jade Ghosn
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  7. Jean-Paul Viard
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Correspondence to Alexandre Malmartel.

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Conflict of interest

All the authors have no conflict of interest in relation with this study.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the ethics committee “CPP Ile-de-France 1” and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Faraut, B., Malmartel, A., Ghosn, J. et al. Sleep Disturbance and Total Sleep Time in Persons Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study. AIDS Behav 22, 2877–2887 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2179-1

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