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HIV Risk and Protective Factors in the Context of Alcohol and Substance Use During Pride

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Abstract

This investigation sought to identify HIV-risk and -protective factors among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) who engaged in anal sex following alcohol or substance use during an international Pride Festival. MSM attending World Pride were surveyed regarding (1) alcohol, substance use, and sex during the past 24 h; and (2) HIV-risk and -protective factors. Valid data were provided by 1123 MSM. Anal sex was reported by 195 MSM, among whom the majority (n = 105) consumed alcohol or substances prior to sex. Among MSM aware of their HIV status who consumed alcohol or substances prior to sex (n = 99), those who engaged in serodiscordant condomless anal sex (n = 22) were more likely to be HIV+ (AOR = 10.14, 95% CI 1.48–69.35); report multiple sex partners (AOR = 9.05, 95% CI 1.70–48.12); and possess lower condom efficacy (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.23–0.93) and social support (AOR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.46). Bolstering condom negotiation skills and social support could potentially reduce HIV acquisition/transmission-risk behavior, even when under the influence of alcohol or substances.

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Notes

  1. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) had not been approved in the jurisdiction at the time.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN) (PI: Shuper). This project was made possible with the assistance and input from a number of community agencies and stakeholders, and we are very grateful to our research staff and all of the individuals who participated in this study.

Funding

This study was funded by a grant from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada

    Paul A. Shuper & Narges Joharchi

  2. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Paul A. Shuper

  3. AIDS Committee of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Duncan J. MacLachlan & John Maxwell

  4. St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada

    Tim H. Guimond

  5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Tim H. Guimond

  6. Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada

    Barry D. Adam

  7. Ontario HIV Treatment Network, Toronto, Canada

    Barry D. Adam

Authors
  1. Paul A. Shuper
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  2. Duncan J. MacLachlan
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  3. Narges Joharchi
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  4. Tim H. Guimond
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  5. John Maxwell
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  6. Barry D. Adam
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Correspondence to Paul A. Shuper.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethics Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Shuper, P.A., MacLachlan, D.J., Joharchi, N. et al. HIV Risk and Protective Factors in the Context of Alcohol and Substance Use During Pride. AIDS Behav 22, 2797–2806 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2117-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2117-2

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