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Lower HIV Prevalence Among Asian/Pacific Islander Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Critical Review for Possible Reasons

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Abstract

We conducted a critical literature review for possible reasons that may explain the lower HIV prevalence observed among API MSM compared to MSM of other races/ethnicities. Trends emerging from the literature suggest that traditional individual-level factors—unprotected anal intercourse, substance use, STD prevalence, rates and frequency of HIV testing, and utilization of HIV prevention services—do not appear to be related to the lower HIV prevalence among API MSM. Some evidence suggests that socio-cultural and structural factors might be the more critical forces in determining racial/ethnic disparities of HIV among MSM. For API MSM, these factors include structures of sexual networks, access to and reception of medical care and treatment among HIV-positive MSM, and influences of different levels and types of acculturation. Moreover, emerging risk reduction strategies, such as seroadaptive behaviors, could play a role. Future research should address these factors in intervention design. In addition, better theories of resilience and measurement of strengths and protective factors are needed to enhance the efficacy of HIV interventions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, A212 Crabtree Hall, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA

    Chongyi Wei, Mark S. Friedman, Patricia Documét & Ron Stall

  2. HIV Epidemiology Section, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, USA

    H. Fisher Raymond & Willi McFarland

  3. Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Frank Y. Wong

  4. Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Anthony J. Silvestre

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  1. Chongyi Wei
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  2. H. Fisher Raymond
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Correspondence to Chongyi Wei.

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Wei, C., Raymond, H.F., Wong, F.Y. et al. Lower HIV Prevalence Among Asian/Pacific Islander Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Critical Review for Possible Reasons. AIDS Behav 15, 535–549 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9855-0

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