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Synchrony in the phenologies of fine roots and leaves of Vitellaria paradoxa in different land uses of Burkina Faso

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Abstract

This study focused on leaf and root density dynamics of the most dominant tree species (Vitellaria paradoxa) of West African savannas in two land use types (farmed land and forest). Ten trees located at least 100 m from each other were selected, with five trees each located in the field and in the forest. Five of the trees were of small-diameter [two in the fields (diameter at breast height or DBH 20.1–20.7 cm) and three in the forest (DBH 7.0–8.0–10.8 cm)] and five others were of large-diameter [three in the fields (DBH 38.2–81.8–81.9 cm) and two in the forest (DBH 20.1–20.7 cm)]. One near-vertical rhizotron was installed under each tree to evaluate root density while canopy openness, diffuse and directly transmitted light were monitored by taking hemispheric photograph monthly. After a two-year period of monitoring, the results revealed a strong seasonality in root density with peak root density observed during the rainy season in August and the lowest production during the dry season in April. Significant lowest canopy openness was observed from August to September while the highest occurred from March to May, which was found to be synchronous with fine root dynamics. The light interception followed the same trends as the leaf production. Furthermore, both mature and young trees showed significant higher root density in the fields compared to the forest while the mean values of all the parameters of canopy openness and light transmittance were higher in the forest than the fields.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the European Community’s sixth framework program through the “Innovative Tools and Techniques for Sustainable Use of the Shea Tree in Sudano-Sahelian zone (Contract Number INCO-CT-032037)” as well as by FTA CRP of the CG consortium. We thank the farmers of Sobaka for their participation in the field study. We also thank Kaboré Abel for field assistance. The anonymous reviewers are highly appreciated and thanked for their constructive comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles / Département Environnement et Forêts (INERA/DEF), 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso

    Paulin Bazié

  2. World Agroforestry Centre, West and Central Africa Regional Office, Sahel Node, BP E5118, Bamako, Mali

    Catherine Ky-Dembele & Jules Bayala

  3. CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols (Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols et des Agro-écosystèmes), 34060, Montpellier, France

    Christophe Jourdan & Olivier Roupsard

  4. CATIE, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, 30501, Costa Rica

    Olivier Roupsard

  5. Université de Ouagadougou, Unité de Formation et Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso

    Gérard Zombré

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  1. Paulin Bazié
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  2. Catherine Ky-Dembele
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  3. Christophe Jourdan
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  4. Olivier Roupsard
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  5. Gérard Zombré
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  6. Jules Bayala
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Correspondence to Jules Bayala.

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Bazié, P., Ky-Dembele, C., Jourdan, C. et al. Synchrony in the phenologies of fine roots and leaves of Vitellaria paradoxa in different land uses of Burkina Faso. Agroforest Syst 93, 449–460 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-017-0135-0

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