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The role of the European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus, Cyprinidae) in parasite accumulation and transmission in riverine ecosystems

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Abstract

In aquatic ecosystems, fish play a key role in parasite accumulation and transmission to predacious animals. In the present study, realized on seven populations of a small cyprinid fish species, the European bitterling Rhodeus amarus, we investigated (1) the role of the European bitterling as a potential intermediate or paratenic host, (2) the ability of the fish to accumulate parasites with similar final host group, and (3) its significance as a potential source of parasite infection in the ecosystem in respect to habitat characteristics. A total of 36 parasite species were recorded; 31 species (90% of all parasite specimens) were classified as endoparasites. Most of the endoparasites were found in the larval life stage, using bitterling as an intermediate or paratenic host. In particular, parasite community structure showed significantly higher proportions of allogenic parasites in comparison with autogenic. The supposed co-occurrence of parasite species with identical final host groups showed only a weak association. The adjacent reservoir areas were a significant determinant of both the total and infracommunity parasite species richness and for the mean parasite abundance. No relationship between the distance of sampling site from the adjacent reservoir and parasite community characteristics was found. As a small-sized fish with a wide distribution range and high local abundances, the European bitterling can represent a natural prey for a wide range of piscivorous predators. Due to its susceptibility to the number of larval endoparasites, this fish species may therefore fulfill the role as important transmitter of parasites to their final hosts.

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by Grant No. KJB600930802 of the Grant Agency of the ASCR, Research Project No. 0021622416 of Masaryk University, and Ichthyoparasitology Research Centre of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic No. LC 522. The authors would like to thank the Sapanca Inland Fish Aquaculture and Research Application Station of the Fisheries Faculty of Istanbul University and the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for facilities and permits necessary to conduct the study; Argyrios Sapounidis, Dimitris Lachouvaris, Dimitris Chariskos, Kateřina Francová, Eva Košková and Petra Navrátilová for assistance with field sampling and parasite collection and Matthew Nicholls for the English revision of the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Martina Dávidová.

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Dávidová, M., Blažek, R., Trichkova, T. et al. The role of the European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus, Cyprinidae) in parasite accumulation and transmission in riverine ecosystems. Aquat Ecol 45, 377–387 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-011-9361-0

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