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Ultrasound Effect on Neural Differentiation of Gingival Stem/Progenitor Cells

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Abstract

Dental pulp loss due to caries or pulpitis can affect the longevity of teeth. Dental pulp tissue engineering necessitates the use of progenitor cells that has the potential to differentiate into neural, vascular and odontoblasts like cells. Previous reports have shown that human gingival progenitor cells (HGPCs) can be differentiated into different cell types; however neural differentiation of these cells, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to enhance cell differentiation. The aims of this study were (1) to explore the potential neural differentiation of HGPCs and (2) to investigate the effect of LIPUS on the differentiation of HGPCs when incubated under neuroinductive conditions. The HGPCs were isolated from human interdental papilla proximal to the premolar teeth that were extracted for orthodontic purpose. The HGPCs were induced to differentiate into neural lineage using a neuroinductive culture medium. HGPCs were divided into four groups; control group, neuro-induction (NI) group, ultrasound group (LIPUS), and a combined NI+LIPUS group. HGPCs were harvested for immunostaining and q-PCR after 1 day. Immunostaining for neuron specific antigens and q-PCR suggested that HGPCs can be differentiated into neural lineage and that selected neurodifferentiation markers can be enhanced by LIPUS.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the University of Alberta Start-up fund and endorsed by King Saud University. The authors would like to thank Hamid Sadeghi and Daniel Goldberg for technical support.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2N8, Canada

    Tarek El-Bialy

  2. Faculty of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Adel Alhadlaq

  3. Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Bryan Wong

  4. University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Cezary Kucharski

Authors
  1. Tarek El-Bialy
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  2. Adel Alhadlaq
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Correspondence to Tarek El-Bialy.

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Associate Editor Dan Elson oversaw the review of this article.

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El-Bialy, T., Alhadlaq, A., Wong, B. et al. Ultrasound Effect on Neural Differentiation of Gingival Stem/Progenitor Cells. Ann Biomed Eng 42, 1406–1412 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-014-1013-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-014-1013-9

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