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Carbachol-Induced Volume Adaptation in Mouse Bladder and Length Adaptation via Rhythmic Contraction in Rabbit Detrusor

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Abstract

The length–tension (L–T) relationships in rabbit detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) are similar to those in vascular and airway smooth muscles and exhibit short-term length adaptation characterized by L–T curves that shift along the length axis as a function of activation and strain history. In contrast to skeletal muscle, the length–active tension (L–T a) curve for rabbit DSM strips does not have a unique peak tension value with a single ascending and descending limb. Instead, DSM can exhibit multiple ascending and descending limbs, and repeated KCl-induced contractions at a particular muscle length on an ascending or descending limb display increasingly greater tension. In the present study, mouse bladder strips with and without urothelium exhibited KCl-induced and carbachol-induced length adaptation, and the pressure–volume relationship in mouse whole bladder displayed short-term volume adaptation. Finally, prostaglandin-E2-induced low-level rhythmic contraction produced length adaptation in rabbit DSM strips. A likely role of length adaptation during bladder filling is to prepare DSM cells to contract efficiently over a broad range of volumes. Mammalian bladders exhibit spontaneous rhythmic contraction (SRC) during the filling phase and SRC is elevated in humans with overactive bladder (OAB). The present data identify a potential physiological role for SRC in bladder adaptation and motivate the investigation of a potential link between short-term volume adaptation and OAB with impaired contractility.

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Abbreviations

0-Ca:

Nominally Ca2+-free solution consisting of PSS without CaCl2

APS:

Adjustable preload stiffness

CCh:

Carbachol

DSM:

Detrusor smooth muscle

KPSS:

PSS modified to include 110 mM KCl substituted isosmotically for NaCl

L ref :

Reference length corresponding to T ref

L s :

Slack length

L–T :

Length–tension

L–T a :

Length–active tension

L–T p :

Length–preload tension

PGE2 :

Prostaglandin-E2

PSS:

Physiological salt solution

P ref :

Reference pressure, a peak active pressure value on a P–V curve

P–V :

Pressure–volume

RC:

Rhythmic contraction

SRC:

Spontaneous rhythmic contraction

T a :

Active tension

T p :

Preload tension

T ref :

Reference tension, a peak T a value on a L–T a curve

T t :

Total tension

Uro:

Urothelium

V ref :

Reference volume corresponding to P ref

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Amy S. Miner. This study was supported by a grant from the Edwin Beer Research Program in Urology and Urology Related Fields from the New York Academy of Medicine (to J.E.S.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, P.O. Box 843015, Richmond, VA, 23284-3015, USA

    John E. Speich & Atheer M. Almasri

  2. Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Cameron W. Wilson, Jordan B. Southern & Adam P. Klausner

  3. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Paul H. Ratz

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA

    Paul H. Ratz

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  1. John E. Speich
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  2. Cameron W. Wilson
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Correspondence to John E. Speich.

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Associate Editor Stefan Jockenhoevel oversaw the review of this article.

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Speich, J.E., Wilson, C.W., Almasri, A.M. et al. Carbachol-Induced Volume Adaptation in Mouse Bladder and Length Adaptation via Rhythmic Contraction in Rabbit Detrusor. Ann Biomed Eng 40, 2266–2276 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-012-0590-8

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