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External Landmark, Body Surface, and Volume Data of a Mid-Sized Male in Seated and Standing Postures

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to acquire external landmark, undeformed surface, and volume data from a pre-screened individual representing a mid-sized male (height 174.9 cm, weight 78.6 ± 0.77 kg) in the seated and standing postures. The individual matched the 50th percentile value of 15 measures of external anthropometry from previous anthropometric studies with an average deviation of 3%. As part of a related study, a comprehensive full body medical image data set was acquired from the same individual on whom landmark data were collected. Three dimensional bone renderings from this data were used to visually verify the landmark and surface results. A total of 54 landmarks and external surface data were collected using a 7-axis digitizer. A seat buck designed in-house with removable back and seat pan panels enabled collection of undeformed surface contours of the back, buttocks, and posterior thigh. Eight metrics describing the buck positioning are provided. A repeatability study was conducted with three trials to assess intra-observer variability. Total volume and surface area of the seated model were found to be 75.8 × 103 cm3 and 18.6 × 103 cm2 and match the volume and surface area of the standing posture within 1%. Root mean squared error values from the repeatability study were on average 5.9 and 6.6 mm for the seated and standing postures respectively. The peak RMS error as a percentage of the centroid size of the landmark data sets were 3% for both the seated and standing trials. The data were collected as part of a global program on the development of an advanced human body model for blunt injury simulation. In addition, the reported data can be used for many diverse applications of biomechanical research such as ergonomics and morphometrics studies.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this work was provided by the Global Human Body Models Consortium, LLC (GHBMC) through grant WFU: FBM-001. CAD development work was supported by Zygote Media Group, Inc. (American Fork, UT). Thanks to SBES student Dustin Crouch for assistance with data collection. Thanks to Dr. Scott Wuertzer of Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Division of Radiology for reviewing medical images related to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. VT-WFU Center for Injury Biomechanics, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA

    F. S. Gayzik, D. P. Moreno, K. A. Danelson, C. McNally & Joel D. Stitzel

  2. Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

    F. S. Gayzik, D. P. Moreno, K. A. Danelson & Joel D. Stitzel

  3. University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    K. D. Klinich

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  1. F. S. Gayzik
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  2. D. P. Moreno
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  4. C. McNally
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  5. K. D. Klinich
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Correspondence to Joel D. Stitzel.

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Associate Editor Claude R. LeBrun oversaw the review of this article.

Appendix

Appendix

Table A1 Position data used for 50th percentile male volunteer seat buck setup
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Table A2 Legend for landmark abbreviations for Fig. A1 and Table A3
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Table A3 Landmark data from M50 male subject (units in mm)
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Figure A1
figure 5

Seat buck schematic, showing distances in Table A2. Seat position is relative to ball of foot location. Coordinate system shown at origin, red, X; green, Y; and blue, Z

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Gayzik, F.S., Moreno, D.P., Danelson, K.A. et al. External Landmark, Body Surface, and Volume Data of a Mid-Sized Male in Seated and Standing Postures. Ann Biomed Eng 40, 2019–2032 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-012-0546-z

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