Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke of 6-year-old children and parental educational level in Germany under the changing socioeconomic conditions after reunification. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure of children (current environmental tobacco smoke, maternal smoking during pregnancy, environmental tobacco smoke during the first 3 years of the child’s life) and the determinants parental educational level, time and region. In Germany, the risk of environmental tobacco smoke exposure among 6-year-old children was strongly associated with parental educational level (odds ratio: ≥2 ‘low’/‘middle’ versus ‘high’ parental educational level). In West Germany, environmental tobacco smoke exposure generally exhibited a decreasing trend of about 20%. In contrast, in East Germany the environmental tobacco smoke exposure was only decreasing for children of parents with higher education. The gap between low and high parental educational level with respect to current children’s tobacco smoke exposure has increased from 1991 to 2000 in East Germany. A considerable fresh increase of maternal smoking during pregnancy could be observed around 1991 in both parts of Germany. In East Germany, the transition from a socialist economic system to a market economy after reunification might in part explain the increased gap of tobacco smoke exposure between children of parents with lower and higher educational levels.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the local health departments for their assistance and their allowance to connect this investigation to the compulsory school entrance examinations. This project was partially funded by the Ministry of Environment of North Rhine-Westphalia and the Ministry of Social Affairs of Saxony-Anhalt. This work was presented at Indoor Air 2005, Beijing, 4–9 September 2005.
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du Prel, X., Krämer, U. & Ranft, U. Time trends in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and parental educational level for 6-year-old children in Germany. J Public Health 14, 309–315 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-006-0054-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-006-0054-4