Zusammenfassung
Um die Konsequenzen einer Bestrahlung zu verstehen, ist eine fundierte Kenntnis der radiobiologischen Mechanismen auf molekularer bis zur klinischen Ebene von Bedeutung. Die Strahlenbiologie vereint daher die grundlegenden Prinzipien der Physik wie auch der Biologie und Medizin und befasst sich mit der Wirkung von Strahlung von der subzellulären Ebene bis zum lebenden Organismus. Themen von Interesse und Relevanz werden in größerer Breite als es in diesem Artikel möglich ist in der Literatur behandelt an die der interessierte Leser verwiesen wird. Klassische Bücher auf diesem Gebiet wurden von Steel et al. (1989) und Hall (1994) geschrieben. Themen, die üblicherweise in den strahlenbiologischen Reviews abgedeckt werden, sind die Klassifikation der unterschiedlichen Strahlenarten, die Zellzyklusabhängigkeit der Strahleneffekte, Arten von Strahlenschaden und Zelltod, Dosis-Wirkungskurven, der Sauerstoffeffekt, die relative biologische Wirksamkeit, der Einfluss der Dosisrate und verschiedene andere wichtige Forschungsbereiche. Dieser kurze Überblick wird sich auf eine Untergruppe von strahlenbiologischen Themen von großer Bedeutung und relativer Neuheit konzentrieren.
Summary
In order to understand the consequences of radiation a thorough understanding of the radiobiological mechanisms of the molecular up to the clinical level is of importance. Radiobiology therefore combines the basic principles of physics as well as biology and medicine and is concerned with the action of radiation from the subcellular level up to the living organism. Topics of interest and relevance are covered in much more broadness as is possible in the short following article in the literature to which the interested reader is referred to. Classical books in this field were written by Steel et al. (1989) as well as by Hall (1994). Topics usually covered by radiobiological reviews are the classification of different types of radiation, cell cycle dependency of radiation effects, types of radiation damage and cell death, dose response curves, measurement of radiation damage, the oxygen effect, relative biological effectiveness, the influence of dose rate, and several other important research areas. This short overview will concentrate on a subset of radiobiological topics of high importance and relative novelty.
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Selzer, E., Hebar, A. Basic principles of molecular effects of irradiation. Wien Med Wochenschr 162, 47–54 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-012-0052-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-012-0052-9