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Osteoporosis in a female population from Bratislava – age-related BMD changes

Osteoporose in einer Population aus Bratislava – altersabhängige Knochendichteänderungen

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Zusammenfassung

Wir haben bei 498 Frauen aus Bratislava im Alter zwischen 21 und 90 Jahren die Knochendichte im proximalen Bereich des Femurs gemessen (in den "Regions of interest" ROI1 – neck, ROI2 – Ward's area, ROI3 – Trochanter). Auf Grund der empirischen Häufigkeitsverteilung der T-Werte haben wir mit dem χ2 -test (Chi-square goodness-of-fit statistics) in der Grundgruppe der Population die Häufigkeitsverteilung festgestellt. Die entsprechend der T-Werte festgestellte Häufigkeit der Osteoporose betrug in ROI1 2,40 %, in ROI2 16,34 % und in ROI3 3,83 %. Die Patientinnen wurden nach dem Alter in 10-Jahres-Gruppen eingeteilt. In jeder Gruppe wurde die Zahl der Osteoporosepatientinnen in Prozent (%) berechnet. Es hat uns interessiert, welcher ROI für die Feststellung der Altersabhängigkeit der Knochendichte am besten geeignet ist. Obwohl die Werte von ROI2 (Ward's), entsprechend der WHO, nicht zur diagnostischen Sicherstellungen der Osteoporose zugelassen sind, zeigte ROI2 die Altersabhängigkeit der Knochendichte am besten. Gegenüber ROI1 und ROI3 wird in der ROI2 überwiegend trabekulärer Knochen gemessen. Die geringere Altersabhängigkeit der Knochendichte in ROI1 und ROI3 dürfte durch osteoarthrotische Veränderungen bedingt sein. Bei der Streuungsanalyse hat sich gezeigt, dass die Alterskategorie 9,6 % der Ganzvariabilität der T-Werte für ROI1, 24,7 % für ROI2 und 11,7 % für ROI3 erklärt. Im Fisher-Test wurde die statistische Relevanz (α = 0,05) der Altersabhängigkeit der Knochendichtewerte in ROI1, ROI2, ROI3 unabhängig von anderen Risikofaktoren aufgezeigt. Um den Störfaktor der Osteoarthrose auszuschließen, ist die Entwicklung und Anwendung von neuen densitometrischen Methoden, die getrennt kortikalen and trabekularen Knochen messen, notwendig.

Summary

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analysed 498 women (n = 498) in a Bratislava (BA) population aged 21 to 90. We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in the proximal femur with one densitometric instrument (DXA Osteocore II, France; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), applying BMD and T-score values in three standard regions of interest: Neck (ROI1), Ward's area (ROI2), Trochanter (ROI3). RESULTS: Measured values of T-score in ROI1, ROI2 had normal distribution and a lognormal distribution of frequency in ROI3. Using χ2 -test (chi-square goodness-of-fit statistics), we determined the distribution of the frequency of T-score values and the percentage of osteoporosis incidence in the Bratislava female population. The osteoporosis incidence, according to T-score values measured in ROI1 was 2.40%, in ROI2 16.34% and in ROI3 3.83%. Following the division of women into ten-year intervals, the statistically significant sample averages of T-score values were decreasing in relation to age only for ROI2. Osteoporosis incidence in age intervals was rising with age for ROI2, for ROI1 the number of osteoporotic patients in the 61 to 70-year interval was lower than in the 41 to 50-year interval, and for ROI3 the number of osteoporotic patients in the 51 to 60-year interval was lower than in the 41 to 50-year interval. Except in the above-mentioned intervals, T-score values decreased in relation to age also in ROI1 and ROI3. According to the analysis of variance, the age category explains 9.6% of the overall variability of T-score values for ROI1, 24.7% for ROI2 and 11.70% for ROI3. CONCLUSIONS: As in ROI2 (Ward's area) a greater fraction of trabecular bone is measured in comparison with ROI1 and ROI3, ROI2 reflects best the age-related BMD changes. In ROI1 and ROI3 the relation was distorted by a greater fraction of cortical bone in comparison with ROI2 and by ostearthritis.

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Correspondence to Jaroslava Wendlová.

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Wendlová, J., Pacáková, V. Osteoporosis in a female population from Bratislava – age-related BMD changes. Wien Med Wochenschr 157, 606–610 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0489-4

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