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Which instrument is more suitable to assess health-related quality of life: Nottingham Health Profile or Short-Form-36?

Welches Instrument ist besser geeignet, die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität zu erfassen? – Vergleich zwischen dem Nottingham Health Profile und der Short-Form-36

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Zusammenfassung

HINTERGRUND: Die rezente Literatur zur Rehabilitationsforschung beschreibt eine neue Kategorie von Outcome-Maßen, die so genannten "patientreported outcomes" (PROs), die als Überbegriff für unterschiedliche Maße wie Symptomstärke, Behandlungszufriedenheit, hauptsächlich aber gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität (Health-related Quality of Life, HrQoL) verwendet werden. Aufgrund einer schier unüberschaubaren Menge an Neuentwicklungen im Bereich der HrQoL ist es nicht immer leicht, das passende bzw. beste Instrument für outcome-orientierte Studien auszuwählen. Die zwei am häufigsten eingesetzten Fragebögen zur Erhebung der HrQoL, Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) und MOS Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), wurden von uns auf ihre diesbezügliche Einsatzfähigkeit im gerontologischen Bereich geprüft und verglichen. METHODIK: Einem Sample von aktiven "Seniorenturnern" (Durchschnittsalter 68 Jahre) wurde eine "jugendliche" Kontrollgruppe (Durchschnittsalter 36 Jahre) gegenübergestellt. Beide Gruppen wurden gebeten, die beiden Fragebögen auszufüllen und danach auf einer Visuellen Analogskala (VAS) eine Bewertung abzugeben, inwieweit ihrer Meinung nach jedes der beiden Instrumente für den Einsatz in einer wissenschaftlichen Studie geeignet erscheint. ERGEBNISSE: Während die Kontrollgruppe generell die SF-36 bevorzugte und signifikant besser als den NHP bewertete, schnitten die beiden Erhebungsinstrumente bei der Gruppe der Seniorenturner auf gleichem Niveau gut ab. Jüngere Versuchspersonen lehnten insbesondere die Itemformulierungen (alle negativ ausgerichtet) sowie das dichotome Antwortformat des NHP ab (läßt nur ja- vs. nein-Antworten zu, im Gegensatz zur SF-36, die unterschiedliche mehrfach abgestufte Antwortmöglichkeiten vorgibt), während von älteren Personen gerade diese reduzierten Antwortmöglichkeiten als Vorteil empfunden wurden. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG: Die Entscheidung für oder gegen ein Erhebungsinstrument sollte, abgesehen von der Beurteilung der Gütekriterien, immer individuell auf Basis der Charakteristika der einzubeziehenden Versuchspopulation getroffen werden. Bei älteren Patientenpopulationen mit einem stärkeren Niveau an Symptomatik kann die Entscheidung trotz aller Argumente dagegen (eingeschränktes Antwortformat, Floor-Effekte, geringere Häufigkeit des Einsatzes) durchaus zugunsten des Nottingham Health Profile ausfallen.

Summary

BACKGROUND: Recent publications in rehabilitation research describe a new category of outcome measures, so-called patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This is an umbrella term for different degrees of subjective symptom intensity, treatment satisfaction and, particularly, health-related quality of life (HrQoL). Given the countless new developments in the field of HrQoL, it has become difficult to select the most appropriate or the best instrument for outcome-oriented studies. We evaluated and compared the two most frequently used questionnaires to assess HrQoL, namely the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the MOS Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) with regard to their applicability in gerontology. METHODS: A sample of active "elderly gymnasts" (mean age, 68 years) was compared with a "young" control group (mean age, 36 years). Both groups were asked to fill out the two questionnaires and enter on a visual analogue scale (VAS) their assessment of the suitability of each instrument for application in a scientific study. RESULTS: While the control group generally favoured the SF-36 and rated this questionnaire significantly better than the NHP, the two survey instruments were given nearly the same rating by the elderly gymnasts. Younger experimental subjects particularly objected to the wording of the items (all of these were found to be negatively oriented) and the dichotomous response format of the NHP (it allows only yes-no answers in contrast to the SF-36 which offers several graded choices) while elderly patients considered this limited range of responses to be an advantage of the NHP. CONCLUSIONS: The decision in favour of or against a survey instrument should always be made individually for each situation, based on the test criteria and the characteristics of the study population. In elderly patients with stronger symptoms, one may well decide in favour of the NHP despite its disadvantages (limited response format, floor effects, less frequent use of the questionnaire).

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Jagsch, R., Pils, K. Which instrument is more suitable to assess health-related quality of life: Nottingham Health Profile or Short-Form-36?. Wien Med Wochenschr 156, 149–157 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-006-0266-9

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