Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Integrated microfossil biostratigraphy, facies distribution, and depositional sequences of the upper Turonian to Campanian succession in northeast Egypt and Jordan

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Facies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Six upper Turonian to Campanian sections in Egypt (Sinai) and Jordan were studied for their microfossil biostratigraphy (calcareous nannofossils and planktonic foraminifera), facies distribution and sequence stratigraphic frameworks. Carbonate (mostly chalk) and chert lithofacies dominate the basinward northern sections passing laterally and vertically to mixed carbonate/siliciclastic lithofacies towards the shoreline in the southeast. Twenty-six lithofacies types have been identified and grouped into six lithofacies associations: littoral siliciclastic facies belt; peritidal carbonate; intertidal carbonate platform/ramp; high-energy ooidal shoals and shelly biostromes; shallow subtidal; and pelagic facies association. The following calcareous nannofossil biozones were recognized: Luianorhabdus malefomis (CC12) (late Turonian), Micula staurophora (CC14) (early Coniacian), Reinhardtites anthophorus (CC15) (late Coniacian), Lucianorhabdus cayeuxii (CC16) (early Santonian) and Broinsonia parca parca (CC18) (Campanian). Equivalent planktonic foraminifera zones recognized are: Dicarinella concavata (Coniacian), the lower most part of Dicarinella asymetrica (earliest Santonian) and Globotruncanita elevata (early Campanian). The integrated zonation presented here is considered to provide higher resolution than the use of either group alone. The absence of calcareous nannofossil biozones CC13 and CC17 in most of the studied sections, associated with regional vertical lithofacies changes, indicates that recognition of the Turonian/Coniacian and Santonian/Campanian stage boundary intervals in the region have been hampered by depositional hiatuses at major sequence boundaries resulting in incomplete sections. These disconformities are attributed to eustatic sea-level fluctuations and regional tectonics resulting from flexuring of the Syrian Arc fold belt. The Coniacian to Santonian succession can be divided into three third-order depositional sequences, which are bounded by four widely recognized sequence boundaries.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdel Gawad GI, El Sheikh HA, Abdelhamid MA, El Beshtawy MK, Abed M, Fürsich FT (2004) Stratigraphic studies on some Upper Cretaceous succession in Sinai, Egypt. Egypt J Paleontol 4:263–303

  • Abdel-Kireem MR, Samir AM, Ibrahim MI (1995) Upper Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal zonation and correlation in the northern part of the Western Desert, Egypt. N Jb Geol Paläont Abh 198:329–361

    Google Scholar 

  • Abed AM, Arouri KH, Boreham CJ (2005) Source rock potential of phosphorite-bituminous chalk-marl sequence in Jordan. Mar Pet Geol 22:413–425

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abed AM, Sadaqah R, Al-jazi M (2007) Sequence stratigraphy and evolution of Eshidiya phosphorite platform, southern Jordan. Sediment Geol 198:209–219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmad F, Farouk S, Abdel Moghny MW (2014) A regional stratigraphic correlation for the upper Campanian phosphorites and associated rocks in Egypt and Jordan. Proc Geol Assoc 125:419–431

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Almogi-Labin A, Bein A, Sass E (1993) Late Cretaceous upwelling system along the southern Tethys margin (Israel): interrelationship between productivity, bottom water environments, and organic matter preservation. Paleoceonography 8:671–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Rifaiy IA, Cherif OH, El-Bakri BA (1993) Upper Cretaceous foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleobathymetry of the Al-Baqa area, North of Amman (Jordan). J Afr Earth Sci 7:343–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ardestani SM, Vahidinia M, Sadeghi A, Arz JA, Dochev D (2012) Integrated biostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Abderaz Formation of the East Kopet Dagh Basin (NE Iran). Geol Balc 40(1–3):21–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Attia SH, Ismail AA, Shabana AR, Ismail AA (2013) Contribution to the stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Cretaceous aquifers, SE Sinai, Egypt. Micropaleontol 59:177–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann M, Hirsch F (2006) Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform of the eastern Levant (Galilee and the Golan Heights): stratigraphy and second-order sea-level change. Cret Res 27:487–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer J, Kuss J, Steuber T (2002) Platform environments, microfacies and systems tracts of the upper Cenomanian-lower Santonian of Sinai, Egypt. Facies 47:1–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer J, Kuss J, Steuber T (2003) Sequence architecture and carbonate platform configuration (Late Cenomanian-Santonian), Sinai, Egypt. Sedimentol 50(3):387–414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen R, Jux U (1987) Afro-Arabian geology. Chapman and Hall, London 295p

    Google Scholar 

  • Bralower TJ, Leckie RM, Sliter WV, Thierstein HR (1995) An integrated Cretaceous microfossil biostratigraphy. In: Berggren, WA, Kent, DV, Aubry, M-P, Hardenbol J (eds) Geochronology, time scales and global stratigraphic correlation. SEPM Spec Publ 54:65–79

  • Bramlette MN, Sullivan FR (1961) Coccolithophorids and related nannoplankton of the Early Tertiary in California. Micropaleontology 7:129–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burnett JA (with contribution from Gallagher LT, Hampton MJ) (1998) Upper Cretaceous. In: Bown PR (ed) Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy, British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series. Chapman and Hall/Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, pp 132–199

  • Caron M (1985) Cretaceous planktic foraminifera. In: Bolli HM, Saunders JB, Perch-Nielsen K (eds) Plankton Stratigraphy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 17–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Cherif OH, Ismail AA (1991) Late Senonian-Tertiary planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and tectonism of the Esh-el-Mallaha and Gharamul areas, Egypt, Middle East Research Center. Ain Shams Univ Earth Sci Ser 5:146–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Chèrif OH, Al-Rifaiy IA, Al-Afifi FI, Orabi OH (1989) Planktonic foraminifera and chronostratigraphy of Senonian exposures in west-central Sinai, Egypt. Revue de Micropaléontol 32:167–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Coccioni R, Premoli Silva I (2015) Revised Upper Albian–Maastrichtian planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and magneto-stratigraphy of the classical Tethyan Gubbio section (Italy). Newsl Stratigr 48:47–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunham RJ (1962) Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture. In: Hamm WE (ed) Classification of carbonate rocks. Am Assoc Petrol Mem, pp 108–121

  • Elamri Z, Farouk S, Zaghbib-Turki D (2014) Santonian planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the northern Tunisia. Geol Croat 65(2):111–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El-Azabi MH, El-Araby A (2007) Depositional framework and sequence stratigraphic aspects of the Coniacian–Santonian mixed siliciclastic/carbonate Matulla sediments in Nezzazat and Ekma blocks, Gulf of Suez, Egypt. J Afr Earth Sci 47:179–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Embry AF, Klovan JE (1972) A late Devonian reef on North Easter Banks Island, northwest territories. Bul Can Petrol Gect 19:730–781

    Google Scholar 

  • Farouk S (2014) Maastrichtian carbon cycle changes and planktonic foraminiferal bioevents at Gebel Matulla, west-central Sinai, Egypt. Cret Res 50:238–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farouk S (2015) Upper Cretaceous sequence stratigraphy of the Galala Plateaux, western side of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. MarPetrol Geology 60:136–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Farouk S, Faris M (2012) Late Cretaceous Calcareous nannofossil and planktonic Foraminiferal bioevents of the shallow-marine Carbonate Platform in the Mitla Pass, west central Sinai, Egypt. Cret Res 33:50–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fink JH, Reches Z (1983) Diagenetic density inversions and the deformation of shallow marine chert in Israel. Sedimentology 30:261–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flexer A, Rosenfield A, Lipson-Benitah S, Honigstein A (1986) Relative sea level changes during the Cretaceous in Israel. Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull 70:1685–1699

    Google Scholar 

  • Flügel E (2004) Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks: Analysis. Interpretation and Application; Springer-Verlag, Berlin 976p

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Freund RZ, Garfunkel Z, Zak I, Goldberg M, Weissbrod T, Derin B (1970) The shear along the Dead Sea rift. Phil Trans R Soc Lond 267A:107–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gale AS, Hancock JM, Kennedy WJ, Petrizzo MR, Lees JA, Walaszczyk I, Wray DS (2008) Geochemistry, stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, nannofossils, planktonic foraminifera, inoceramid bivalves, ammonites and crinoids of the Waxahachie Dam Spillway section, north Texas: a possible boundary stratotype for the base of the Campanian Stage. Cret Res 29:131–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghorab MA (1961) Abnormal stratigraphic features in Ras Gharib oil field. In: 3rd Arab Petroleum Congress, Alexandria, Egypt, pp 10

  • Glenn CR, Arthur MA (1990) Anatomy and origin of a Cretaceous phosphorite-green sand giant, Egypt. Sedimentology 37:123–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gradstein FM, Ogg JG, Schmitz MD, Ogg GM (2012) The geologic time-scale, First edn. Elsevier, pp 1176

  • Gruszczyňski M, Coleman ML, Marcinowski R, Walaszczyk I, Isaacs MCP (2002) Palaeoenvironmental conditions of hardgrounds formations in the Late Turonian-Coniacian of Mangyshlak Mountains, Western Kazakhstan. Acta Geol. Pol. 52(4):423–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Gvirtzman Z, Almogi-Labin A, Moshkovitz S, Lewy Z (1989) Upper Cretaceous high-resolution multiple stratigraphy, northern margin of the Arabian platform, central Israel. Cret Res 10:107–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haq BU (2014) Cretaceous eustasy revisited. Glob Planet Change 113:44–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haq BU, Al-Qahtani AM (2005) Phanerozoic cycles of sea-level change on the Arabian Platform. GeoArabia 10:127–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardenbol J, Thierry J, Farley MB, Jacquin T, de Graciansky PC, Vail PR (1998) Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence chronostratigraphic framework of European basins. In: de Graciansky P C, Hardenbol J, Jacquin T, Vail PR (eds) Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence stratigraphy of European Basins. SEPM Spec Publ 60:3–13

  • Hay WW (1965) Calcareous nannofossils. In: Kummel B, Raup D (eds) Handbook of paleontological techniques. Freeman WH (ed) San Francisco, pp 3–6

  • Hermina M (1990) The surroundings of Kharga, Dakhla and Farafra oases. In: Said R (ed) The geology of Egypt. Balkema, Rotterdam/Brookfield, pp 259–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Honigstein A, Almogi-Labin A, Rosenfeld A (1987) Combined ostracod and planktonic foraminiferal biozonation of the Late Coniacian-Earl Maastrichtian in Israel. Jl Micropalaeont 6:41–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail AA (2012) Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene benthic foraminifera from Esh El Mallaha area, Egypt. Rev Paléobiologie, Genève 31(1):15–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Issawi B, Francis MH, Youssef EAA, Osman RA (2009) The Phanerozoic Geology of Egypt. In: Special Publication 81. The Egyptian Mineral Resource Authority, pp 589

  • Khalil H, Zahran E (2014) Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy and Stage Boundaries of the Santonian-Eocene Successions in Wadi El Mizeira Northeastern Sinai, Egypt. Inter J Geosc 5:432–449

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koch W (1968) Zurmikropaläontologie und biostratigraphie der Oberkreide und des Alttertiärs von Jordanien. Geol J Beihefte 85:627–659

    Google Scholar 

  • Kora M, Genedi A (1995) Lithostratigraphy and facies development of the Upper Cretaceous carbonates in east central Sinai, Egypt. Facies 32:223–236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kostic B, Aigner T (2004) Sedimentary and poroperm anatomy of shallow-water carbonates (Muschelkalk, South-German Basin): an outcrop analogue study of inter-well spacing scale. Facies 50:113–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krenkel E (1924) Der Syriasche Bogen. Zen fur Mineral Geolog Palaontol 9:274–281 (10: 301–313)

  • Kuss J (1986) Facies development of Upper Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary sediments of Monastery of St. Anthony, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Facies 15:177–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuss J, Christian Scheibner C, Gietl R (2000) Carbonate Platform to Basin Transition along an Upper Cretaceous to Lower Tertiary Syrian Arc Uplift, Galala Plateau, Eastern Desert of Egypt. GeoArabia 5(3):405–424

    Google Scholar 

  • La Maskin TA, Elrick M (1997) Sequence stratigraphy of the Middle to Upper Guilmette Formation, Southern Egan and Schell Creek Ranges, Nevada. In: Klapper G, Murphy, MA, Talent JA (eds) Palaeozoic sequence stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy and Biogeography: Studies in Honor of J. Granville (ess) Johnson. Geol Soc Am Spec Paper 321:89–112

  • Lamolda MA, Paul CRC, Peryt D, Pons JM (2014) The Global Boundary Stratotype and Section Point (GSSP) for the base of the Santonian Stage, “Cantera de Margas”, Olazagutia, northern Spain. Episodes 37:2–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewy Z (1990) Transgressions, regressions and relative sea-level changes on the Cretaceous shelf of Israel and adjacent countries. A critical evaluation of Cretaceous global sea-level correlations. Paleoceanography 5:619–637

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lüning S, Kuss J, Bachmann M, Marzouk AM, Morsi AM (1998a) Sedimentary response to basin inversion: mid Cretaceous Early Tertiary pre- to syndeformational deposition at the Arief El Naqa anticline (northern Sinai, Egypt). Facies 38:103–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lüning S, Marzouk AM, Morsi AM, Kuss J (1998b) Sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous of central-east Sinai, Egypt. Cret Res 19:153–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald GJF (1965) In: Geophysical deductions from observations of heat flow. American Geophysical Union, Washington D.C. 8:7

  • Makhlouf IM, Tarawneh K, Moumani K, Ibrahim KM (2015) Recognition of quartz geodes in the Upper Cretaceous Wadi Umm Ghudran Formation, Ras En Naqab, South Jordan. Arab J Geosci. 8:1535–1547

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McRae SG (1972) Glauconite. Earth Science. Review 8:397–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Meilijson A, Ashckenazi-Polivoda S, Ron-Yankovich L, Illner P, Alsenz H, Speijer R, Almogi-Labin A, Feinstein S, Berner Z, Püttmann W, Abramovich S (2014) Chronostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous high productivity sequence of the southern Tethys, Israel. Cret Res 50:187–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mikbel S, Zacher W (1986) Fold structures in northern Jordan. N Jb Geol Paläont Mh 4:248–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Moh’d BK (2000) The Geology of Irbid and Ash Shuna Ash Shamaliyya (Waqqas) map sheets no. 3154-II and 3154-III. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Natural Resources Authority Bulletin 46, 63 (Amman)

  • Mustafa H (2000) Fish teeth from the Upper Umm Ghudran Formation (late Santonian) of NW-Jordan. N J Geol Paläont Mh 10:595–612

  • Mustafa H, Case G, Zalmout I (2002) A new selachian fauna from the Wadi Umm Ghudran Formation (Late Cretaceous)—Central Jordan. N Jb Geol Paläont Mh 226:419–444

    Google Scholar 

  • Nederbragt AJ (1991) Late Cretaceous biostratigraphy and development of Heterohalicidae (planktic foraminifera): In: Biostratigraphy and paleoceanographic potential of Cretaceous planktic foraminifera Heterohelicidae—Centrale Huisdruk Kerj Vrije Uni ver siteit Amesterdam Academisch Proefschrift, pp 61–125

  • Obaidalla NA, Kassab AS (2002) Integrated biostratigraphy of the Coniacian–Santonian sequence, southwestern Sinai, Egypt. Egypt J Paleont 2:85–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovechkina MN, Watkeys M, Mostovski MB (2009) Calcareous nannofossils from the stratotype section of the Mzamba Formation, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Palaeontol Afri 44:129–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Palma RM, Lazo DG, Piethé RD (2005) Facies de tormenta y trazas fósiles en la rampa media de la Formación La Manga, Bardas Blancas, Mendoza. Actas XVI Congreso Geológico Argentino, La Plata 3:155–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker DH (1970) The hydrogeology of the Mesozoic–Cenozoic aquifers of the western highlands and plateau of East Jordan. Investigation of the aquifers of East Jordan, Report of United Nations Development Project/Food and Agriculture Organization Project 212, Technical Report No. 2. Unpublished, Rome, p 424

  • Perch-Nielsen K (1985) Mesozoic Calcareous Nannofossils. In: Bolli HM, Saunders JB, Perch-Nielsen K (eds) Plankton Stratigraphy, Cambridge Earth Sciences Series, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 329–426

  • Petrizzo MR (2000) Upper Turonian-lower Campanian planktonic foraminifera from southern mid-high latitudes (Exmouth Plateau, NW Australia): biostratigraphy and taxonomic notes. Cret Res 21:479–505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrizzo MR (2002) Palaeoceanographic and palaeoclimatic inferences from Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from the Exmouth Plateau (ODP Sites 762 and 763, eastern Indian Ocean). Mar Micropaleontol 45:117–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pettijohn FJ, Potter PE, Siever R (1987) Sand and Sandstones. Springer, New York, p 553

  • Powell JH (1988) The geology of Karak. Map sheet No. 3152 III, NRA Geol Bull 8:172 (Amman)

  • Powell JH (1989) Stratigraphy and Sedimentation of the Phanerozoic Rocks in Central and South Jordan—Part B: Kurnub, Ajlun and Belqa Groups. Geological Bulletin, No. 11. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, NRA Geol Bull, Amman, p 130

  • Powell JH, Moh’d BK (2011) Evolution of Cretaceous to Eocene alluvial and carbonate platform sequences in central and south Jordan. GeoArabia 16(4):29–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell JH, Moh’d BK (2012) Early diagenesis of Late Cretaceous chalk-chert-phosphorite hardgrounds in Jordan: implications for sedimentation on a Coniacian–Campanian pelagic ramp. GeoArabia 17(4):17–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell JH, Abed AM, Le Nindre Y-M (2014) Cambrian stratigraphy of Jordan. GeoArabia19:81–134

  • Powers RW, Ramirez LF, Redmond CD, Elberg EL Jr (1966) Geology of the Arabian Peninsula: sedimentary geology of Saudi Arabia, US Geol Surv Prof Paper 560-D, p 147

  • Premoli Silva I, Sliter WV (1995) Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and evolutionary trends from the Bottaccione section, Gubbio, Italy. Palaeontogr Ital 82:1–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Premoli Silva I, Sliter WV (1999) Cretaceous paleoceanography: evidence from planktonic foraminiferal evolution. Geol Soc America, Special Paper 332:301–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Pufahl PK, Grimm KU, Abed AM, Sadaqah RMY (2003) Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) phosphorites in Jordan: implications for the formation of a southern Tethyan phosphorite giant. Sed Geol 161:175–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Razmjooei MJ, Thibault N, Kani1 A, Mahanipour A, Boussaha M, Korte C (2014) Coniacian–Maastrichtian calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and carbon-isotope stratigraphy in the Zagros Basin (Iran): consequences for the correlation of Late Cretaceous Stage Boundaries between the Tethyan and Boreal realms. Newsl Stratigr 47/2:183–209

  • Reiss Z, Almogi-Labin A, Honigstein A, Lewy Z, Lipson-Benitah S, Moshkovitz S, Zaks Y (1985) Late Cretaceous multiple stratigraphic framework of Israel. Israel J Earth Sci 34:147–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Robaszynski F, Caron M, Dupuis C, Amedro F, González-Donoso JM, Linares D, Hardenbol J, Gartner S, Calandra F, Deloffre R (1990) A tentative integrated stratigraphy in the Turonian of Central Tunisia: formations, zones and sequential stratigraphy in the Kalaat Senan area. Bulletin des Centres de Recherches Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine 14:213–384

    Google Scholar 

  • Robaszynski F, González-Donoso JM, Linares D, Amédro F, Caron M, Dupuis C, Dhondt AV, Gartner S (2000) Le Crétacé Supérieur de la région de Kalaat Senan, Tunisie centrale. Litho-Biostratigraphy intégrée: zones d’ammonites, de foraminifères planctoniques et de nannofossiles du Turonien supérieur au Maastrichtien. Bulletin du Centre de Recherches, Exploration-Production Elf Aquitaine 22:359–490

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuel M, Ishmail A, Akarish A, Zaky A (2009) Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Gebel Somar area, north-central Sinai, Egypt. Cret Res 30:22–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sari B (2006) Upper Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Bey Daĝlari Autochthon in the Korkuteli area, Western Taurides. Turkey. J Foramin Res 36(3):241–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahar J (1994) The Syrian Arc system: an overview. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 112:125–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahin A, Kora M (1991) Biostratigraphy of some Upper Cretaceous successions in the Eastern Central Sinai, Egypt. N Jb Geol Paläont Mh 11:671–692

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharland PR, Casey DM, Davies RB, Simmons MD, Sutcliffe OE (2004) Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy—revisions to SP2. GeoArabia 9(1):199–214

    Google Scholar 

  • Sissingh W (1977) Biostratigraphy of Cretaceous calcareous nannoplankton. Geol Mijnbouw 56:37–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Soudry D, Nathan Y, Roded R (1985) Ashosh-Haroz facies and their significance for the Mishash Formation paleogeography and phosphorite accumulation in the northern and central Negev, southern Israel. Israel J Earth Sci 56:429–441

    Google Scholar 

  • Soudry D, Glenn CR, Nathan Y, Segal I, Vonder Haar D (2006) Evolution of Tethyan phosphogenesis along the northern edges of the Arabian-African shield during the Cretaceous–Eocene as deduced from temporal variations of Ca and Nd isotopes and rates of P accumulation. Earth-Sci Rev 78:27–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stampfli GM, Borel GD (2002) A plate tectonic model for the Paleozoic and Mesozoic constrained by dynamic plate boundaries and restored synthetic oceanic isochrons. Earth Planet Sci Lett 196:17–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinitz G (1981) Enigmatic chert structures in the Senonian cherts of Israel. Geol Surv Isr Bull 75:1–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Tucker ME, Wright VP (1990) Carbonate Sedimentology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, p 482

  • Voigt S, Gale AS, Jung C, Jenkyns HC (2012) Global correlation of Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian successions using carbon-isotope stratigraphy: development of a new Maastrichtian timescale. Newsl Stratigr 45:25–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walaszczyk I, Wood CJ, Lees JA, Peryt D, Voigt S, Wiese F (2010) The Salzgitter-Salder Quarry (Lower Saxony, Germany) and Słupia Nadbrżezna river cliff section (central Poland): a proposed candidate composite Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Coniacian Stage (Upper Cretaceous). Acta Geol Pol 60:445–477

    Google Scholar 

  • Wanas HA (2008) Cenomanian rocks in the Sinai Peninsula, northeast Egypt: facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy. J Afr Earth Sci 52:125–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warren J (2000) Dolomite: occurrence, evolution and economically important associations. Earth-Sci Rev 52:1–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiler Y, Sass E (1972) Karstic sandstone bodies in the Turonian limestones of Judea, Israel. Sediment Geol 7(2):137–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson JL (1975) Carbonate Facies in Geological History. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 471

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ziko A, Darwish M, Eweda S (1993) Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary stratigraphy of the Themed area, East Central Sinai, Egypt. N Jb GeolPaläont Mh 13:135–149

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We wish to express our gratitude to Prof. Maurice Tucker, and reviewers of Facies Journal for their helpful comments, which significantly improved the manuscript. John Powell publishes with the approval of the Executive Director, British Geological Survey (NERC).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Exploration Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Egypt

    Sherif Farouk

  2. Earth and Environmental Sciences Department, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan

    Fayez Ahmad

  3. British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK

    John H. Powell

  4. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Akmal M. Marzouk

Authors
  1. Sherif Farouk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Fayez Ahmad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. John H. Powell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Akmal M. Marzouk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sherif Farouk.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Farouk, S., Ahmad, F., Powell, J.H. et al. Integrated microfossil biostratigraphy, facies distribution, and depositional sequences of the upper Turonian to Campanian succession in northeast Egypt and Jordan. Facies 62, 8 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-016-0461-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-016-0461-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation