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Toarcian–Kimmeridgian depositional cycles of the south-western Morondava Basin along the rifted continental margin of Madagascar

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Abstract

After rifting and final breakup of Gondwana along the former East-African-Antarctic Orogen during the Toarcian–Aalenian, passive margins formed around the Proto-Indian Ocean. Sedimentological and stratigraphic studies in the southern Morondava Basin contribute to an improved reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental changes during the syn-rift and post-rift margin formation. Depositional models based on outcrop and literature data in combination with subsurface data sets provide a stratigraphic framework of four transgressive-regressive (T-R) cycles. The incorporation of stratal architecture models derived from seismic images is essential. After a syn-breakup T-R cycle (T-R1), the post-breakup succession commenced with a Bajocian – Early Bathonian carbonate platform (T2). Middle–Late Bathonian sandstones (R2) formed when a global sea-level fall forced the shoreline to move basinward. Incised valleys and palaeokarst known from seismic lines are typical for forced regression cycles. In the Early Callovian again a widespread transgression occurs (T3). During a short regressive phase from the Late Callovian(?) to Early Oxfordian (R3), the siliciclastic shoreface deposits prograded onto the shelf. From the Early Oxfordian onwards a transgressive trend continued (T4). T1–T3 can be explained as the response to the structural development of the breakup rifting but they follow sea-level changes observed in other parts of the world. R3 and T4, in contrast, reflect eustacy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to A. Dina and T. Razakamanana (University of Toliara) for logistic support and assistance during fieldwork. We would like to thank D. N. Clark (Clark Research Ltd.) for fruitful discussions, F. Fürsich (University of Würzburg) for the identification of the bivalves and their palaeoecological interpretation, and J. Kuss for critically reviewing the manuscript. Research was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), project Ku 642/18.

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  1. Markus Geiger

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    Markus Geiger

  2. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, 70191, Stuttgart, Germany

    Günter Schweigert

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Geiger, M., Schweigert, G. Toarcian–Kimmeridgian depositional cycles of the south-western Morondava Basin along the rifted continental margin of Madagascar. Facies 52, 85–112 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-005-0039-8

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