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Yield Components and Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) of Mung Bean Grown Under Deficit Irrigations

Ertragskomponenten und Wasserstressindex von Mungbohnen bei Defizitbewässerung

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Abstract

This study was conducted in 2018 growing season to determine the response of mung bean to water stress. Effects of different irrigation levels on mung bean yield and yield components and potential use of crop water stress index (CWSI) in mung bean irrigation scheduling were also investigated. Five different irrigation levels (I100, I75, I50, I25 and I0) were applied through drip irrigation system. Amount of irrigation water supplied varied between 20–445 mm. Plant water consumption (ET) values varied between 125–521 mm. The highest yield (163 kg/da) was obtained from full-irrigation (I100) and the lowest yield (39.7 kg/da) was obtained from rain-fed (I0) treatment without irrigations. Plant heights varied between 58.6–21.2 cm, the first pod heights between 17.4–29.3 cm, number of branches per plant between 1.00–2.77 and number of pods per plant between 3.2–18.9. Water use efficiency (WUE) values varied between 0.31–0.50 kg/m3 and irrigation water usage efficiency (IWUE) values varied between 0.37–0.77 kg/m3. Crop water stress index (CWSI) values varied between 0.13–0.93. The lower limit (LL) equation was obtained as Tc-Ta = −2.9674 × VPD + 4.1341 (R2 = 0.66) and the upper limit (UL) was identified as 9.7 °C. Highly significant (p < 0.01) correlations were seen between CWSI and yield. Based on present findings, I75 was recommended under water deficit conditions. CWSI values of between 0.13–0.22 can be used to initiate irrigations for drip-irrigated mung bean.

Zusammenfassung

Diese Studie wurde in der Vegetationsperiode 2018 durchgeführt, um die Reaktion der Mungbohne auf Wasserstress zu bestimmen. Außerdem wurden die Auswirkungen verschiedener Bewässerungsniveaus auf den Ertrag und die Ertragskomponenten der Mungbohne sowie die mögliche Verwendung des CWSI (Crop Water Stress Index) bei der Bewässerungsplanung für Mungbohnen untersucht. Fünf verschiedene Bewässerungsstufen (I100, I75, I50, I25 und I0) wurden über ein Tropfbewässerungssystem angewendet. Die Menge des zugeführten Bewässerungswassers variierte zwischen 20 und 445 mm. Die Werte für den Wasserverbrauch (ET) der Pflanzen variierten zwischen 125 und 521 mm. Der höchste Ertrag (163 kg/da) wurde bei Vollbewässerung (I100) erzielt, der niedrigste Ertrag (39,7 kg/da) bei der Behandlung mit Regenwasser (I0) ohne Bewässerung. Die Pflanzenhöhen variierten zwischen 58,6–21,2 cm, die Höhe der ersten Schote zwischen 17,4–29,3 cm, die Anzahl der Zweige pro Pflanze zwischen 1,00–2,77 und die Anzahl der Schoten pro Pflanze zwischen 3,2–18,9. Die Werte der Wassernutzungseffizienz (WUE) variierten zwischen 0,31–0,50 kg/m3 und die Werte der Bewässerungswassernutzungseffizienz (IWUE) zwischen 0,37–0,77 kg/m3. Die Werte des CWSI variierten zwischen 0,13 und 0,93. Die Gleichung für den unteren Grenzwert (lower limit, LL) ergab sich als Tc-Ta = −2,9674 × VPD + 4,1341 (R2 = 0,66) und der obere Grenzwert (upper limit, UL) wurde mit 9,7 °C bestimmt. Es wurden hoch signifikante (p < 0,01) Korrelationen zwischen CWSI und Ertrag festgestellt. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Ergebnisse wurde I75 unter Wasserdefizitbedingungen empfohlen. CWSI-Werte zwischen 0,13 und 0,22 können zur Einleitung von Bewässerungsmaßnahmen für tröpfchenbewässerte Mungbohnen verwendet werden.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Irrigation Technologies, Vocational School, University of Bakircay, İzmir, Turkey

    İhsan Gölgül

  2. Department of Construction Technology, Vocational School, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey

    Halil Kırnak

  3. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey

    Hasan Ali İrik

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  1. İhsan Gölgül
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  2. Halil Kırnak
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Correspondence to İhsan Gölgül.

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İ. Gölgül, H. Kırnak and H. Ali İrik declare that they have no competing interests.

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Gölgül, İ., Kırnak, H. & Ali İrik, H. Yield Components and Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) of Mung Bean Grown Under Deficit Irrigations. Gesunde Pflanzen 75, 271–281 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00698-z

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