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Hyptis suaveolens and Hyptis spicigera (Lamiaceae) essential oils: qualitative analysis, contact toxicity and repellent activity against Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)

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Abstract

Essential oils from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poiteau (Lamiaceae) and Hyptis spicigera Lamarck (Lamiaceae) were first analysed by gas chromatography and by gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectroscopy and then evaluated for toxicity and repellent activity against Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), one of the most serious worldwide stored grain pests. Fifty-six compounds have been identified in the essential oil of H. suaveolens: monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most represented volatiles (64.1%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (24.0%), oxygenated monoterpenes (8.1%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.4%). Diterpenes and non-terpene derivatives were scarcely represented. Sixty compounds have been identified in the essential oil of H. spicigera: monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most represented class of volatiles (70.4%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (22.6%). Results from topical applications on insects showed that both essential oils had an effective insecticidal activity. The complete kill of S. granarius was observed 24 h after treatment at a minimum effective dose of 0.4 and 0.6 μl per insect with H. suaveolens and H. spicigera oil, respectively. Results from repellency tests showed that the two essential oils had a repellent activity on S. granarius adults: at the lowest dose (2 × 10−4 μl oil per cm2), H. spicigera essential oil exhibited a higher repellent effect in comparison to H. suaveolens. No significant differences were observed for the repellent effect between the two essential oils at the highest dose (2 × 10−2 μl oil per cm2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Tree Science, Entomology and Plant Pathology “G. Scaramuzzi”-Entomology Section, University of Pisa, via San Michele degli Scalzi, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy

    Barbara Conti, Angelo Canale & Alessandro Rifici

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Seat Bioorganic Chemistry and Biopharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy

    Pier Luigi Cioni & Guido Flamini

Authors
  1. Barbara Conti
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  2. Angelo Canale
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  3. Pier Luigi Cioni
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  4. Guido Flamini
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  5. Alessandro Rifici
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Correspondence to Barbara Conti.

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Communicated by C.G. Athanassiou.

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Conti, B., Canale, A., Cioni, P.L. et al. Hyptis suaveolens and Hyptis spicigera (Lamiaceae) essential oils: qualitative analysis, contact toxicity and repellent activity against Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae). J Pest Sci 84, 219–228 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-010-0343-0

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