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Toxicity of synthetic and biological insecticides against adults of the Eucalyptus snout-beetle Gonipterus scutellatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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Abstract

Toxicity by contact and by ingestion of lufenuron, flufenoxuron, lambda (λ)-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, thiamethoxam and five entomopathogenic insecticides (three formulations of Beauveria bassiana, a compound containing spores of Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum, and a mixture of Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus chitinosporus) were evaluated on adults of the Eucalyptus snout-beetle Gonipterus scutellatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions. By contact, entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana EC and the pyrethroid λ-cyhalothrin exhibited the highest efficiency, achieving 100 and 97.5% mortality, respectively. By ingestion, the highest mortality was obtained by B. bassiana EC (100%) and thiamethoxam (95%). Flufenoxuron and lufenuron, bacteria mixture and M. anisopliae showed a weak toxicity. Furthermore, we found a sex-biased mortality, being males more affected. Due to the good performance and low risk to humans and environment, B. bassiana EC (strain PPRI 5339) appears to be the most promising product to promote an IPM programme in South Africa.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the companies (Syngenta S.A., BASF S.A., Biological Control Products S.A., Plant Health Products S.A. and Microbial Solutions S.A.) that kindly provided insecticides samples tested in our study. We are grateful to Gifty Hammond for her assistance with insect sexing. We also thank the late Ben Eisenberg, Mike van der Linde and Hennie Groeneveld (University of Pretoria) for their statistical assistance and the University of Pretoria for the use of various facilities during the course of this investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa

    Derian Echeverri-Molina

  2. Sección de Fitopatología, Centro de Investigación Forestal de Lourizán, Apdo. de Correos 127, 36080, Pontevedra, Spain

    Serena Santolamazza-Carbone

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  1. Derian Echeverri-Molina
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  2. Serena Santolamazza-Carbone
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Correspondence to Serena Santolamazza-Carbone.

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Communicated by M. Brownbridge.

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Echeverri-Molina, D., Santolamazza-Carbone, S. Toxicity of synthetic and biological insecticides against adults of the Eucalyptus snout-beetle Gonipterus scutellatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J Pest Sci 83, 297–305 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-010-0298-1

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