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Temporal variations in endophytic fungal assemblages of Ginkgo biloba L.

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Journal of Forest Research

Abstract

We isolated endophytic fungi from living healthy leaves, petioles, and current-year twigs of Ginkgo biloba L. from April to November 2004 with the objective of identifying the dominant endophytic fungal taxa, and monitoring their occurrence and frequency. A total of 9 fungal taxa were identified to the genus level. Diversity measures inferred from the Shannon–Wiener, Morisita–Horn, and Sørensen indices indicated that leaves and petioles harbored more diverse endophytic fungal assemblages than twigs, and that fungal taxa involved in twigs shared less with those in leaves and petioles. Among the organs, the occurrence pattern of overall endophytic fungi differed significantly, and two taxa, Phomopsis sp. and Phyllosticta sp., were the most frequently isolated and thus regarded as the dominant endophytic fungi. Phomopsis sp. was isolated frequently from twigs (84.8%) but rather few from leaves (16.1%) and petioles (24.3%). Phyllosticta sp. was isolated frequently from leaves (72.9%) and petioles (65.7%) but was never isolated from twigs. Temporal changes in relative frequency of total endophytic fungi tended to differ among sampling dates for all three organs. The occurrence of Phyllosticta sp. in both leaves and petioles was first detected in August and peaked in October. Phomopsis sp. was detected in twigs throughout the growing season. These results suggest that the distribution of the two dominant endophytic fungi was organ-specific and differed within seasons.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the late Dr K. Nakanishi of Mie University for his valuable suggestions, and to two reviewers for their critical comments and insightful suggestions on this manuscript. We are also grateful to the members of the Laboratory of Forest Pathology and Mycology, Mie University, for their field assistance. This research was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research from JSPS to SI (22658048).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Forest Pathology and Mycology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan

    W. Thongsandee, Y. Matsuda & S. Ito

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  1. W. Thongsandee
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  2. Y. Matsuda
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  3. S. Ito
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Correspondence to Y. Matsuda.

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Thongsandee, W., Matsuda, Y. & Ito, S. Temporal variations in endophytic fungal assemblages of Ginkgo biloba L.. J For Res 17, 213–218 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10310-011-0292-3

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