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Atmospheric deposition and leaching of nitrogen in Chinese forest ecosystems

  • Special Feature: Review
  • Soil nitrogen dynamics of forest ecosystems under environmental changes
  • Published:
Journal of Forest Research

Abstract

Data have been compiled from published sources on nitrogen (N) fluxes in precipitation, throughfall, and leaching from 69 forest ecosystems at 50 sites throughout China, to examine at a national level: (1) N input in precipitation and throughfall, (2) how precipitation N changes after the interaction with canopy, and (3) whether N leaching increases with increasing N deposition and, if so, to what extent. The deposition of dissolved inorganic N (DIN) in precipitation ranged from 2.6 to 48.2 kg N ha−1 year−1, with an average of 16.6 kg N ha−1 year−1. Ammonium was the dominant form of N at most sites, accounting for, on average, 63% of total inorganic N deposition. Nitrate accounted for the remaining 37%. On average, DIN fluxes increased through forest canopies, by 40% and 34% in broad-leaved and coniferous forests, respectively. No significant difference in throughfall DIN inputs was found between the two forest types. Overall, 22% of the throughfall DIN input was leached from forest ecosystems in China, which is lower than the 50–59% observed for European forests. Simple calculations indicate that Chinese forests have great potential to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, because of the large forest area and high N deposition.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos 40703030 and 30972365), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) (no. 21310008), and the Key laboratory of vegetation restoration and management of degraded ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Y.T. Fang was supported by the JSPS with a Postdoctoral Fellowship for Foreign Researchers and a grant-in-aid for JSPS Fellows (no. 20-08421). P. Gundersen received support from the Villum Foundation, Denmark. We acknowledge Qiaojun Chen for drawing Fig. 1. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China

    Yunting Fang

  2. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai-cho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Yunting Fang, Keisuke Koba & Muneoki Yoh

  3. Forest and Landscape Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark

    Per Gundersen

  4. Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway

    Rolf D. Vogt

  5. College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Fusheng Chen

  6. School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Wai Street, Beijing, 100875, China

    Xi Yun Chen

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Fang, Y., Gundersen, P., Vogt, R.D. et al. Atmospheric deposition and leaching of nitrogen in Chinese forest ecosystems. J For Res 16, 341–350 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10310-011-0267-4

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