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Orthodontic force application upregulated pain-associated prostaglandin-I2/PGI2-receptor/TRPV1 pathway-related gene expression in rat molars

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Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the mRNA expression and protein localization of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) synthase (PGIS), the PGI2 receptor (IP receptor) and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1) in force-stimulated rat molars, toward the elucidation of the PGI2-IP receptor-TRPV1 pathway that is in operation in the pulp and possibly associated with orthodontic pain and inflammation. Experimental force was applied to the maxillary first and second molars by inserting an elastic band between them for 6–72 h. PGIS, PTGIR (the IP receptor gene), and TRPV1 mRNA levels in the coronal pulp were analyzed with real-time PCR. PGIS, IP receptor, and TRPV1 proteins were immunostained. The force stimulation induced significant upregulation of PGIS at 6–24 h, and PTGIR and TRPV1 at 6 and 12 h in the pulp. PGIS was immunolocalized in odontoblasts and some fibroblasts in the force-stimulated pulp. The IP receptor and TRPV1 immunoreactivities were detected on odontoblasts and some nerve fibers. It was concluded that PGIS, PTGIR, and TRPV1 in rat molar pulp were significantly upregulated shortly after the force application, and that the IP receptor was co-expressed on TRPV1-expressing nerves and odontoblasts. These findings suggest that the PGI2-IP receptor-TRPV1 pathway is associated with the acute phase of force-induced pulp changes involving odontoblasts and nerves.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Prof. Takeshi Ikeuchi (Departments of Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics, Bioresource Science Branch, Center for Bioresources, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University) for providing laboratory facilities. This study was supported in part by Grants-in Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (23390433 and 26293405 to T.O., 25851794 to N.O., 24592863 to K.Y., and 25462952 to N.Y.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan

    Mariko Ohkura & Isao Saito

  2. Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan

    Naoto Ohkura, Nagako Yoshiba & Kunihiko Yoshiba

  3. Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan

    Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi & Hayato Ohshima

  4. Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    Takashi Okiji

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  1. Mariko Ohkura
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Correspondence to Takashi Okiji.

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Ohkura, M., Ohkura, N., Yoshiba, N. et al. Orthodontic force application upregulated pain-associated prostaglandin-I2/PGI2-receptor/TRPV1 pathway-related gene expression in rat molars. Odontology 106, 2–10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-017-0309-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-017-0309-2

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