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Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Petunia (Solanaceae) based on the sequence of the Hf1 gene

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Abstract

Polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphisms and nucleotide sequences for a cytochrome P450 gene encoding flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase, Hf1, were studied in 19 natural taxa of Petunia. Natural Petunia taxa were classified into six groups based on major insertion or deletion events that occurred only in intron II of the locus. The maximum parsimony method was used to calculate strict consensus trees based on nucleotide sequences in selected regions of the Hf1 locus. Petunia taxa were divided into two major clades in the phylogenetic trees. Petunia axillaris (including three subspecies), P. exserta, and P. occidentalis formed a clade with 100% bootstrap support. This clade is associated with a consistently inflexed pedicel, self-compatibility in most taxa, and geographical distribution in southern and western portions of the genus range. The other clade, which comprised the remainder of the genus is, however, less supported (up to 71% bootstrap); it is characterized by a deflexed pedicel in the fruiting state (except P. inflata), self-incompatibility, and a northeastern distribution. A nuclear gene, Hf1, seems to be a useful molecular marker for elucidating the phylogeny of the genus Petunia when compared with the nucleotide sequence of trnK intron of chloroplast DNA.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Mr Tsuguyoshi Aoki of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Mr Sebastião T. Nagase, Mr Nobuyuki Hiranaka, Mr Tomio Koshizawa, Mr Hideo Ohkubo, and Mr Roberto H. Ohkubo of São Paulo, Brazil, and Mr Masao Udagawa of Montevideo, Uruguay, for help in surveying the natural habitat.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan

    Sumei Chen, Kiyoshi Matsubara & Takahiro Omori

  2. Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan

    Hisashi Kokubun & Hitoshi Watanabe

  3. Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8510, Japan

    Hiroaki Kodama & Toshio Ando

  4. Centro de Pesquisas de História Natural, Rua Jaime Riberio Wright 618, Itaquera, 08201-970, São Paulo, Brazil

    Goro Hashimoto

  5. Facutad de Agronomia, Universidad de la República, Garzon 780, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Eduardo Marchesi

  6. Instituto de Floricultura, INTA, Las Cabañas y Los Reseros, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Laura Bullrich

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  1. Sumei Chen
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  2. Kiyoshi Matsubara
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Correspondence to Toshio Ando.

Electronic supplementary material

10265_2006_70_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplement Fig. 1. Strict consensus tree of the 321 most parsimonious trees calculated from combined data of Hf1 exon and trnK intron sequences. Numbers below branches are bootstrap support values (1000 replicates). (PDF kb)

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Chen, S., Matsubara, K., Omori, T. et al. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Petunia (Solanaceae) based on the sequence of the Hf1 gene. J Plant Res 120, 385–397 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-006-0070-z

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