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Elevation of human leukocyte antigen-G expression is associated with the severe encephalitis associated with neurogenic pulmonary edema caused by Enterovirus 71

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Abstract

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection can develop devastating clinical outcomes such as brain stem encephalitis (BE) and pulmonary edema (PE). Alteration of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression or cytokine production was considered playing important roles in virus-related pathogenesis. However, clinical relevance of HLA-G in EV71 infection remains unknown. In the current study, patients were stratified by disease severity as BE (n = 107) and PE (n = 18). HLA-G expression on peripheral blood monocytes from patients with BE (n = 15), patients with PE (n = 15) and control subjects (n = 31) was analyzed with flow cytometry. Plasma soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) (in 67 BE, 18 PE and 120 control subjects), IL-6 and IL-10 (in 50 patients with BE, 18 patients with PE and 45 control subjects) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data showed that the percentage of HLA-G-positive monocytes (mean 7.76 vs 3.68 %, p < 0.001), levels for sHLA-G (median 129.2 vs 70.6 U/ml, p < 0.001), IL-10 (median 160.5 vs 29.5 pg/ml, p < 0.001) and IL-6 (median 20.50 vs 5.21 pg/ml, p = 0.002) was significantly higher in patients with PE than in patients with BE. Taken together, our findings indicated that elevation of HLA-G expression on monocytes, plasma sHLA-G, IL-10 and IL-6 levels was associated with PE in patients infected with EV71.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Zhejiang Provincial program for the cultivation of high-level innovative health talents and by the grants from National Science Foundation of China (No. 81071365), Science and Technology Bureau of Zhejiang Province (Nos. 2010KYA137, 2009C33147) and Key science and Technology innovation Team of Zhejiang Province (2012R10048-11).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of the Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Xiao-Qun Zheng, Xiao-Qing Chen, Yan Gao & Miao Fu

  2. Department of the Infectious Diseases, the YuYin Children Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Yi-Ping Chen

  3. Human Tissue Bank, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, China

    Dan-Ping Xu & Aifen Lin

  4. Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang, China

    Wei-Hua Yan

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  1. Xiao-Qun Zheng
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Correspondence to Wei-Hua Yan.

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Zheng, XQ., Chen, XQ., Gao, Y. et al. Elevation of human leukocyte antigen-G expression is associated with the severe encephalitis associated with neurogenic pulmonary edema caused by Enterovirus 71. Clin Exp Med 14, 161–167 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-013-0237-6

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