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Multiscale modeling of blood flow: from single cells to blood rheology

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Abstract

Mesoscale simulations of blood flow, where the red blood cells are described as deformable closed shells with a membrane characterized by bending rigidity and stretching elasticity, have made much progress in recent years to predict the flow behavior of blood cells and other components in various flows. To numerically investigate blood flow and blood-related processes in complex geometries, a highly efficient simulation technique for the plasma and solutes is essential. In this review, we focus on the behavior of single and several cells in shear and microcapillary flows, the shear-thinning behavior of blood and its relation to the blood cell structure and interactions, margination of white blood cells and platelets, and modeling hematologic diseases and disorders. Comparisons of the simulation predictions with existing experimental results are made whenever possible, and generally very satisfactory agreement is obtained.

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Abbreviations

MD:

Molecular dynamics

DPD:

Dissipative particle dynamics

MPC:

Multiparticle collision dynamics

SPH:

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics

BD:

Brownian dynamics

LBM:

Lattice Boltzmann method

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

IBM:

Immersed boundary method

FTM:

Front tracking method

RBC:

Red blood cell

WBC:

White blood cell

GUV:

Giant unilamellar vesicle

KS:

Keller–Skalak theory

RDF:

Radial distribution function

CFL:

Cell-free layer

Pf:

Plasmodium falciparum

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

2D:

Two dimensions

3D:

Three dimensions

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge support by the German Science Foundation (DFG) through the research unit FOR 1543, “Shear flow regulation of hemostasis—bridging the gap between nanomechanics and clinical presentation (SHENC)”. We thank the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) at the Forschungszentrum Jülich for providing computer resources. D.A.F. acknowledges funding by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 , Jülich, Germany

    Dmitry A. Fedosov & Gerhard Gompper

  2. Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan

    Hiroshi Noguchi

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  1. Dmitry A. Fedosov
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  2. Hiroshi Noguchi
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  3. Gerhard Gompper
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Correspondence to Dmitry A. Fedosov.

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Fedosov, D.A., Noguchi, H. & Gompper, G. Multiscale modeling of blood flow: from single cells to blood rheology. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 13, 239–258 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-013-0497-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-013-0497-9

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