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A review of the mechanical properties and durability of concrete containing recycled seashells as a partial cement replacement

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Abstract

The concrete industry consumes a significant number of natural resources and emits hazardous gases into the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide for cement production, which influences global warming and climate change. Therefore, many attempts have been made to develop green and eco-friendly concrete from various waste materials. Seashells are one of these waste products that accumulate on beaches and landfills, which causes environmental problems. This review assesses the usage of multiple types of seashell waste materials in concrete as a partial cement replacement. The performance of seashell powder in concrete was also evaluated in terms of fresh concrete properties, mechanical properties, durability, and other factors. According to this study, using seashells as a cement replacement improves concrete setting time, diminishes workability, and increases density due to curing age. The mechanical properties of concrete, such as compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, generally decrease as the shell content increases. However, adding admixtures and applying chemical treatment can improve concrete’s mechanical properties and durability. Nevertheless, adding up to 25% of cockle shells in concrete can reduce water permeability. Thus, it is demonstrated that using seashells in concrete as a cement replacement might have the potential to produce sustainable green building materials.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) (Grant Number: RDU192308) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    Kamrul Hasan & Fadzil Mat Yahaya

  2. Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Ahasanul Karim

  3. Civil and Environmental Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan

    Md. Toriqule Islam

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh

    Muaz Bin Ali & Md. Mahfuzur Rahman

  5. Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong, 4349, Bangladesh

    Md. Towsikur Rahman

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  1. Kamrul Hasan
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Hereby, I, consciously assure that for the manuscript “A review of the mechanical properties and durability of concrete containing recycled seashells as a partial cement replacement” the following is fulfilled: this material is the authors’ own original work, which has not been previously published elsewhere. The paper is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. This research does not include any human being or animal. The results are appropriately placed in the context of prior and existing research. All sources used are properly disclosed (correct citation). Literally copying of text must be indicated as such by using quotation marks and giving proper references. All authors have been personally and actively involved in substantial work leading to the paper and will take public responsibility for its content.

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Hasan, K., Karim, A., Islam, M.T. et al. A review of the mechanical properties and durability of concrete containing recycled seashells as a partial cement replacement. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 25, 3192–3216 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-023-01795-5

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