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Co-pyrolysed animal manure and bone meal-based urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) fertilisers are an effective technique of combating ammonia emissions

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Abstract

Formulating biochar-based nitrogen fertilisers from charred livestock manure and urea, the two largest emitters of ammonia (NH3) may help to abate particulate matter emitted from agricultural operations. However, animal manure biochar inadequately retains carbon, thus impairing its primary role of carbon sequestration. Co-pyrolysis of animal manure with phosphorus (P) may improve quality of the biochar, but with the phosphate rock reserves expected to vanish soon, a shift to renewable P sources is desirable. Bone waste is laden with P and can be a viable replacement of the phosphate rock. In the current study, we assessed the efficiency of bone waste as a P source in the co-pyrolysis of cow dung and quantified the NH3 emitting potentials of the biochar-based urea and UHP fertilisers formulated with the co-pyrolysed biochar. Co-pyrolysis of cow dung with bone waste increased yield and carbon retentions of biochar and boosted biochar’s capacity to attenuate NH3 emissions. UHP fertilisers formulated from the co-pyrolysed biochar lessened NH3 evolutions by as high as 85.93% and were more effective in reducing NH3 volatilisations than co-pyrolysed biochar-based urea fertilisers.

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Acknowledgements

This research study was conducted with support from a research grant from the Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development of Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea (Project No. PJ014253022019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea

    Deogratius Luyima, Jae-Han Lee & Taek-Keun Oh

  2. Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Korea

    Jwakyung Sung

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  1. Deogratius Luyima
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  2. Jae-Han Lee
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. LD collected data, conducted the laboratory and statistical analyses and wrote the manuscript while JL helped him with procuring the required materials and in some aspects of data collection and analysis. TKO and JS supervised the experiment and offered technical guidance throughout the entire research period.

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Correspondence to Jwakyung Sung or Taek-Keun Oh.

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Luyima, D., Lee, JH., Sung, J. et al. Co-pyrolysed animal manure and bone meal-based urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) fertilisers are an effective technique of combating ammonia emissions. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 22, 1887–1898 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-01074-7

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