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Premature mortality due to nephrotic syndrome and the trend in nephrotic syndrome mortality in Japan, 1995–2014

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Abstract

Background

This study analysed the trend in mortality from nephrotic syndrome in Japan from 1995 to 2013. Moreover, to better understand premature death from nephrotic syndrome, the average years of life lost due to nephrotic syndrome were estimated.

Methods

National death certificate data were evaluated. Age-standardised mortality rates from nephrotic syndrome were calculated by direct standardisation using the World Standard Population. Trends for average annual changes in percentages were determined by joinpoint regression analysis. Average years of life lost were estimated by dividing total years of life lost by the number of deaths from nephrotic syndrome. Years of life lost were estimated by the constant end-point method, with 65 years as the endpoint. Average years of life lost due to malignant neoplasms, the leading cause of death in Japan, were estimated for comparison.

Results

There were 9945 deaths (4872 men and 5073 women) during the study period. The numbers of deaths and crude overall mortality rates increased, while age-standardised mortality rates continuously decreased, for both sexes. The annual percentage changes were −1.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), −2.3 to −1.4%] for men and −3.5% (95% CI −4.1 to −2.9%) for women. The average years of life lost due to nephrotic syndrome decreased during the study period, but were greater than for patients who died of malignant neoplasm.

Conclusions

Mortality and premature mortality rates from nephrotic syndrome significantly decreased in Japan between 1995 and 2014. Despite these improvements, nephrotic syndrome patients ≤65 years of age still have a poor prognosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Comprehensive Geriatrics in Community, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 1-757 Asahimachi, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan

    Minako Wakasugi

  2. Departments of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan

    Junichiro James Kazama

  3. Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan

    Ichiei Narita

Authors
  1. Minako Wakasugi
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  2. Junichiro James Kazama
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  3. Ichiei Narita
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Minako Wakasugi.

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All the authors have declared no competing interest.

Research involving human participants and/or animals

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Obtaining consent to participate is not required, because the current analyses used existing national data without any individual patient data.

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Wakasugi, M., Kazama, J.J. & Narita, I. Premature mortality due to nephrotic syndrome and the trend in nephrotic syndrome mortality in Japan, 1995–2014. Clin Exp Nephrol 22, 55–60 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-017-1417-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-017-1417-6

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