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Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in patients with the gallbladder carcinoma

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Abstract

Background

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that plays a central role in biologic processes under hypoxic conditions, especially concerning tumor angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent proangiogenic agent and a multifunctional angiogenic cytokine in many malignant tumors.

Methods

This study was conducted to clarify the role of HIF-1 expression in gallbladder carcinoma. Thirty-one patients with gallbladder carcinoma underwent surgical treatment between 1994 and 2003 at the Department of Surgery, University of Tokushima, Japan. Both HIF-1α and VEGF were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and correlations between the expression of these factors and clinicopathological features including prognosis were analyzed.

Results

Among 31 specimens from patients with gallbladder carcinoma, 22 (70%) and 9 (30%) were positive for HIF-1α and VEGF expression, respectively. Expression of HIF-1α was significantly correlated with stage, tumor curability, lymph node metastasis, venous invasion, hepatic infiltration, and lymphatic invasion (P < 0.05). The survival rate for patients with HIF-1α positive staining was significantly lower than that for patients with HIF-1α negative staining. However, VEGF overexpression did not correlate with clinical outcomes. We demonstrated that HIF-1α expression was associated with a malignant behavior risk category in gallbladder cancer.

Conclusion

Expression of HIF-1α was correlated with the poor prognostic indicators, such as lymph node metastasis and venous invasion. Therefore, HIF-1α could serve as an auxiliary parameter for predicting malignant behavior for gallbladder carcinomas.

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Abbreviations

HIF-1:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

GBC:

Gallbladder carcinoma

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Conflict of interest statement

The author has no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan

    Erdenebulgan Batmunkh, Mitsuo Shimada, Yuji Morine, Satoru Imura, Hirofumi Kanemura, Yusuke Arakawa, Jun Hanaoka, Mami Kanamoto, Koji Sugimoto & Masaaki Nishi

Authors
  1. Erdenebulgan Batmunkh
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  2. Mitsuo Shimada
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  3. Yuji Morine
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  4. Satoru Imura
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  5. Hirofumi Kanemura
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  6. Yusuke Arakawa
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  7. Jun Hanaoka
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  8. Mami Kanamoto
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  9. Koji Sugimoto
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  10. Masaaki Nishi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mitsuo Shimada.

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Batmunkh, E., Shimada, M., Morine, Y. et al. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in patients with the gallbladder carcinoma. Int J Clin Oncol 15, 59–64 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-009-0011-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-009-0011-7

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