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Effects of ionizing radiation on brain tissue surrounding arteriovenous malformations: an experimental study in a rat caroticojugular fistula model

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Abstract

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) may change the cerebral hemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to detect the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on tissues surrounding AVM in a rat caroticojugular fistula model. Forty rats were divided into four groups. Eight weeks after caroticojugular fistulas and chronic hypoperfusion were created in groups 1 and 2, IR was administered to groups 1 and 3. Group 4 was the control. Brain tissue samples were taken 72 h after irradiation. Comet assay to detect DNA strand breaks (DSB), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay for apoptosis, and free radical measurement were performed. Although the difference between fistula plus irradiation (group 1) and fistula (group 2) was statistically insignificant in terms of DSB and free radical measurement, apoptotic cell count was significantly higher in group 1. Nonetheless, apoptotic cell count corresponded well with both free radicals and DSB in the irradiated group (group 3). Ionizing radiation resulted in significant apoptosis in both groups with or without fistulas. Chronic hypoperfusion might not prevent cerebral damage after IR. Optimal care should be taken with brain tissue around AVM during radiotherapy, regardless of presence or absence of the “steal” phenomenon.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant from Hacettepe University School of Medicine. The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Kamer Kilinc for free radical measurements, Prof. Dr. Ersin Tan and Nursen Basaran, PhD for providing their laboratories, Ilker Etikan, PhD for statistical analysis, Bulent Cakir, Bulent Yapici, and Salih Gurdalli for their excellent technical assistance, and Lisa Foster for her editing of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Melike Mut & Osman Ekin Özcan

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800212, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA

    Melike Mut

  3. Division of Neurosurgery, Fatih University, Ankara, Turkey

    Kamil Öge

  4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Faruk Zorlu

  5. Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ülkü Ündeğer

  6. Department of Neurology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Sevim Erdem

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  1. Melike Mut
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  2. Kamil Öge
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  3. Faruk Zorlu
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  4. Ülkü Ündeğer
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  5. Sevim Erdem
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  6. Osman Ekin Özcan
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Correspondence to Melike Mut.

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Mut, M., Öge, K., Zorlu, F. et al. Effects of ionizing radiation on brain tissue surrounding arteriovenous malformations: an experimental study in a rat caroticojugular fistula model. Neurosurg Rev 27, 121–127 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-003-0316-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-003-0316-3

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