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Selective Control of the Prorocentrum minimum Harmful Algal Blooms by a Novel Algal-Lytic Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis AFMB-008041

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Abstract

In this study, we examined the algal-lytic activities and biological control mechanisms of Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis AFMB-08041, which was isolated from surface seawater obtained at Masan Bay in Korea. In addition, we assessed whether AFMB-08041 could be used as a biocontrol agent to regulate harmful dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. From these experiments, we found that the inoculation of AFMB-08041 at a final density of 2.5 × 104 cfu ml−1 caused P. minimum cells to degrade (>90%) within 5 days. The algal cells were lysed through an indirect attack by the AFMB-08041 bacterial strain. Our results also suggest that the algal-lytic compounds produced by AFMB-08041 may have β-glucosidase activity. However, P. haloplanktis AFMB-08041 was not able to suppress the growth of other alga such as Alexandrium tamarense, Akashiwo sanguinea, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Gymnodinium catenatum, and Heterosigma akashiwo. Moreover, we observed that the growth of Prorocentrum dentatum, which has a very similar morphological structure to P. minimum, was also effectively suppressed by P. haloplanktis AFMB-08041. Therefore, the effect of AFMB-08041 on P. minimum degradation appears to be species specific. When testing in an indoor mesocosms, P. haloplanktis AFMB-08041 reduced the amount of viable P. minimum cells by 94.5% within 5 days after inoculation. The combined results of this study clearly demonstrate that this bacterium is capable of regulating the harmful algal blooms of P. minimum. In addition, these results will enable us to develop a new strategy for the anthropogenic control of harmful algal bloom-forming species in nature.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the 21C Frontier Microbial Genomics and Applications Center Program (MG08-0305-1-0), Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, Republic of Korea for which the authors are thankful.

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  1. Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Republic of Korea

    Jeong-Dong Kim, Ji-Young Kim, Jae-Kweon Park & Choul-Gyun Lee

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  1. Jeong-Dong Kim
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Correspondence to Choul-Gyun Lee.

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Kim, JD., Kim, JY., Park, JK. et al. Selective Control of the Prorocentrum minimum Harmful Algal Blooms by a Novel Algal-Lytic Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis AFMB-008041. Mar Biotechnol 11, 463–472 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-008-9167-9

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