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Expertise-based peer selection in Peer-to-Peer networks

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Abstract

Peer-to-Peer systems have proven to be an effective way of sharing data. Modern protocols are able to efficiently route a message to a given peer. However, determining the destination peer in the first place is not always trivial. We propose a model in which peers advertise their expertise in the Peer-to-Peer network. The knowledge about the expertise of other peers forms a semantic topology. Based on the semantic similarity between the subject of a query and the expertise of other peers, a peer can select appropriate peers to forward queries to, instead of broadcasting the query or sending it to a random set of peers. To calculate our semantic similarity measure, we make the simplifying assumption that the peers share the same ontology. We evaluate the model in a bibliographic scenario, where peers share bibliographic descriptions of publications among each other. In simulation experiments complemented with a real-world field experiment, we show how expertise-based peer selection improves the performance of a Peer-to-Peer system with respect to precision, recall and the number of messages.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute AIFB, University of Karlsruhe, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Peter Haase

  2. Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1081HV, The Netherlands

    Ronny Siebes & Frank van Harmelen

Authors
  1. Peter Haase
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  2. Ronny Siebes
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  3. Frank van Harmelen
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Correspondence to Ronny Siebes.

Additional information

Peter Haase is a researcher in the Knowledge Management group at the Institute of Applied Computer Science and Formal Description Methods (AIFB) at the University of Karlsruhe, Germany. He received his diploma in computer science in October 2001 from the University of Rostock, Germany. From 2001 to 2003, he worked at IBM in the Silicon Valley Labs as a software engineer, before joining the AIFB in April 2003. He was a member of the SWAP (Semantic Web and Peer-to-Peer) project and is currently active as a member in the SEKT (Semantically Enabled Knowledge Technologies) project and as a project leader in the NeOn project (Lifecycle Support for Networked Ontologies). His research interests include ontology management in distributed information systems, semantic interoperability, and ontology evolution.

Ronny Siebes received a M.E. degree in Artificial Intelligence from De Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in 2001. From 2001 to 2005, he worked as a member of the SWAP (Semantic Web and Peer-to-Peer) project and as a Ph.D. student in Knowledge Representation & Reasoning Group of Prof. Dr. Frank van Harmelen also at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and defended his thesis in June 2006 with the topic “Semantic Routing in Peer-to-Peer Systems”. In 2005, he also worked for the Dutch “Multimedian” project, on the development of a set of e-culture demonstrators providing multimedia access to distributed collections of cultural heritage. Currently, he works as a postdoc in the European funded “Open Knowledge” project, on Peer-to-Peer 4 service discovery. His research interests include large scale Peer-to-Peer systems, Data Semantics, and Trust Metrics.

Frank van Harmelen is a professor in Knowledge Representation & Reasoning in the AI department (Faculty of Science) at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. After studying mathematics and computer science in Amsterdam, he moved to the Department of AI in Edinburgh, where he was awarded a Ph.D. in 1989 for his research on meta-level reasoning. While in Edinburgh, he worked with Dr. Peter Jackson on Socrates, a logic-based toolkit for expert systems, and with Prof. Alan Bundy on proof planning for inductive theorem proving. After his Ph.D. research, he moved back to Amsterdam where he worked from 1990 to 1995 in the SWI Department under Prof. Wielinga. He was involved in the REFLECT project on the use of reflection in expert systems, and in the KADS project, where he contributed to the development of the (ML)2 language for formally specifying Knowledge-Based Systems. In 1995, he joined the AI research group at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, where he was appointed professor in 2002, and is leading the Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Group. His current interests include Approximate reasoning, Semantic Web and Medical Protocols. He has published three books (on meta-level inference, on knowledge-based systems, and on the Semantic Web) and over 100 research papers, most of which can be found on-line.

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Haase, P., Siebes, R. & van Harmelen, F. Expertise-based peer selection in Peer-to-Peer networks. Knowl Inf Syst 15, 75–107 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-006-0055-1

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