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Spatio-temporal variation of macrobenthic communities in the mangrove-fringed Segara Anakan lagoon, Indonesia, affected by anthropogenic activities

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Abstract

The benthic macrofauna of the Segara Anakan lagoon, Java, Indonesia and its fringing mangroves were investigated between May 2004 and August 2006. This lagoon has been affected by various human activities for decades, in particular fishing, effluents from agriculture and industry, and illegal deforestation. In total, 163 taxa were identified, including 127 species occurring in the mangrove forest and 59 species in the subtidal. Mean density of macrobenthos was 2.5-fold higher in the central (881.8 ± 1,151.3 ind. m−2) than in the eastern mangrove site (356.3 ± 218.8 ind. m−2). Community structures differed significantly between these sites and showed a serial shift during the investigation period. Gastropods dominated the community in the central mangrove location, whereas sipunculids, polychaetes and gastropods had similar densities in the eastern site. Differences in community composition were best explained by three sediment properties: pore water salinity, δ13Corg, and Corg/N. It is suggested that small-scale heterogeneity of food availability and quality is a main factor determining the small-scale variability of the community composition. Compared to other Indo-West Pacific mangroves, species richness and densities are high. However, the dominance of specific taxa, especially of opportunistic species and the comparably low species richness in the subtidal of the lagoon may be attributed to the high sediment input by rivers in the central part and to the large-scale cutting of mangroves. Continuous tree logging will probably lead to a further spread of two fast growing understorey plants and thus to an increase of uniform swamp sites and a decrease of micro-habitats for benthic macrofauna. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study on the spatio-temporal variation of benthic macrofauna in mangroves of Indonesia.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to numerous students of the Jenderal Soedirman University without whom the fieldwork would not have been possible, in particular Beny Agus Setiyanto, Misika Alam, Setiawan Yuliatmoko, Yasin Muliya Wijaya, and Zico Yudhi Wibowo. Logistical support by Edy Yuwono and Husein Sastranegara is greatly appreciated. Many thanks also to S. Geist, T. Salewski, K. Scheuer, N. Fuchs, and O. Morisse for laboratory work. We greatly thank B. Ebbe, D. Fiege, and M. Türkay at the Senckenberg Institute and Natural History Museum in Frankfurt, Germany, and J. I. Saiz Salinas at the University of Bilbao, Spain, for help with species identification. Financial support by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Grant No. 03F0391A) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany

    Inga Nordhaus

  2. Biology Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Central Java, 53123, Indonesia

    Fadlan Aji Hadipudjana

  3. Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany

    Ronald Janssen

  4. Marine Biota Conservation Laboratory, Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Y. Syaranamual, Guru-Guru, Poka, Ambon, 97233, Indonesia

    Joko Pamungkas

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Correspondence to Inga Nordhaus.

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Table 6

Table 6 Macrobenthic species collected between May 2004 and August 2006 in the Segara Anakan lagoon
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Nordhaus, I., Hadipudjana, F.A., Janssen, R. et al. Spatio-temporal variation of macrobenthic communities in the mangrove-fringed Segara Anakan lagoon, Indonesia, affected by anthropogenic activities. Reg Environ Change 9, 291–313 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-009-0097-5

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