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Treatment of partial injury of the calcaneus tendon with heterologous fibrin biopolymer and/or photobiomodulation in rats

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Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the new heterologous fibrin biopolymer associated, or not, with photobiomodulation therapy for application in tendon injuries, considered a serious and common orthopedic problem. Thus, 84 Rattus norvegicus had partial transection of the calcaneus tendon (PTCT) and were randomly divided into: control (CG); heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB); photobiomodulation (PBM); heterologous fibrin biopolymer + photobiomodulation (HFB + PBM). The animals received HFB immediately after PTCT, while PBM (660 nm, 40 mW, 0.23 J) started 24 h post injury and followed every 24 h for 7, 14, and 21 days. The results of the edema volume showed that after 24 h of PTCT, there was no statistical difference among the groups. After 7, 14, and 21 days, it was observed that the treatment groups were effective in reducing edema when compared to the control. The HFB had the highest edema volume reduction after 21 days of treatment. The treatment groups did not induce tissue necrosis or infections on the histopathological analysis. Tenocyte proliferation, granulation tissue, and collagen formation were observed in the PTCT area in the HFB and HFB + PBM groups, which culminated a better repair process when compared to the CG in the 3 experimental periods. Interestingly, the PBM group revealed, in histological analysis, major tendon injury after 7 days; however, in the periods of 14 and 21 days, the PBM had a better repair process compared to the CG. In the quantification of collagen, there was no statistical difference between the groups in the 3 experimental periods. The findings suggest that the HFB and PBM treatments, isolated or associated, were effective in reducing the volume of the edema, stimulating the repair process. However, the use of HFB alone was more effective in promoting the tendon repair process. Thus, the present study consolidates previous studies of tendon repair with this new HFB. Future clinical trials will be needed to validate this proposal.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks are due to Aristides Pavan of Fazenda Céu Azul, Pereiras, SP, Brazil; the Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP) of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guilherme Shin Iwamoto Haga, for enabling the publication of this paper.

Funding

The present study was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq, Proc. No. 563582/2010–3 (BB) and CNPq Proc. No. 401170/2013–6 (BB); and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, CAPES, through Toxinology CAPES Call No. 063/2010, Proc. No. 23038.006285/2011–21, AUXPE Toxinology 1219 (BB). RSF Jr. is a CNPq PQ1C fellow researcher No. 303224/2018–5, FAPESP grant nº 2017/21851-0.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Instituto Científico E Tecnológico, University Brazil, Carolina FonsecaSão Paulo, 235, Brazil

    Enéas de Freitas Dutra Júnior, Sílvia Maria Cardoso Magalhães Hidd, Marcello Magri Amaral, Livia Assis & Carla Roberta Tim

  2. Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center, UESPI, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil

    Antonio Luiz Martins Maia Filho & José Figueredo-Silva

  3. Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Rui Seabra Ferreira Jr & Benedito Barraviera

  4. Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Cintia Cristina Santi Martignago

  5. Department of Health Sciences, Piauí State University (UESPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil

    Rauirys Alencar de Oliveira

  6. Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil

    Rauirys Alencar de Oliveira

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  1. Enéas de Freitas Dutra Júnior
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The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animal under number 0326/2019 and conducted according to the international norms of ethics on animal experimentation (National Research Council, 1996).

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de Freitas Dutra Júnior, E., Hidd, S.M.C.M., Amaral, M.M. et al. Treatment of partial injury of the calcaneus tendon with heterologous fibrin biopolymer and/or photobiomodulation in rats. Lasers Med Sci 37, 971–981 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-021-03341-x

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