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Performance of light-emitting diode device in detecting occlusal caries in the primary molars

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Abstract

This in vitro study aimed to compare the performance of a light-emitting diode (LED) device (Midwest Caries I.D.: MID), International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) visual criteria, and fluorescence-based devices (DIAGNOdent: LF; DIAGNOdent pen: LFpen; and Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence: QLF) in detecting occlusal caries in the primary molars. Eighty-eight primary molars with sound occlusal surfaces or carious lesions at different stages were assessed twice, with a 1-week interval in between, by one examiner using all three methods. Subsequently, the teeth were sectioned and lesion depth was verified using stereomicroscopy as a gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated at D1 (all carious lesions—enamel and dentin) and D3 (dentin lesions) thresholds. Correlation with histological analysis was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (rho). Weighted Kappa and intraclass-correlation (ICC) coefficients were calculated to assess intra-examiner reproducibility. At D1 threshold, ICDAS and LFpen showed higher sensitivity than the other methods, whereas ICDAS, LF, and QLF showed higher specificity (p < 0.05), and MID showed lower accuracy. At D3 threshold, ICDAS, LFpen, and QLF showed higher sensitivity than MID, whereas ICDAS, LF, and MID showed higher specificity (p < 0.05). All methods, except MID, showed statistically similar accuracy values (p < 0.05). Correlations with histopathological analysis varied from 0.15 (MID) to 0.57 (ICDAS). Intra-examiner reproducibility varied from 0.30 (MID) to 0.92 (ICDAS, LF, and QLF). The MID device exhibited a poor performance in detecting occlusal carious lesions in the primary molars, and ICDAS visual criteria exhibited greater accuracy than LF, LFpen, and QLF devices.

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Funding

The study is financially supported by the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) PDEE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 - Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01506-00, Brazil

    Michele B. Diniz, Priscila H. Campos & Sabrina Wilde

  2. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Rio Grande do Sul Federal University, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492 – Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-004, Brazil

    Sabrina Wilde

  3. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Rua Humaitá, 1680 – Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil

    Rita de Cássia L. Cordeiro

  4. Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Andréa G. F. Zandona

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  1. Michele B. Diniz
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  2. Priscila H. Campos
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  4. Rita de Cássia L. Cordeiro
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Correspondence to Michele B. Diniz.

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Diniz, M.B., Campos, P.H., Wilde, S. et al. Performance of light-emitting diode device in detecting occlusal caries in the primary molars. Lasers Med Sci 34, 1235–1241 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-019-02717-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-019-02717-4

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