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Biochemical changes in injured sciatic nerve of rats after low-level laser therapy (660 nm and 808 nm) evaluated by Raman spectroscopy

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify biochemical changes in sciatic nerve (SN) after crush injury and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with 660 nm and 808 nm by Raman spectroscopy (RS) analysis. A number of 32 Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups (control 1, control 2, LASER 660 nm, and LASER 808 nm). All animals underwent surgical procedure of the SN and groups control 2, LASER 660 nm, and LASER 808 nm were submitted to SN crush damage (axonotmesis). The LLLT in the groups LASER 660 nm and LASER 808 nm was applied daily for 21 consecutive days (100 mW, 30 s, 133 J/cm2 fluence). The hind paw was removed and the SN was dissected and positioned on an aluminum support to collect dispersive Raman spectra (830 nm excitation, 30 s accumulation). To estimate the biochemical changes in the SN associated with LLLT, the principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. The Raman spectra of the sciatic nerve fragments showed peaks of the major biochemical components of the nerve, especially sphingolipids, phospholipids, glycoproteins, and collagen. The spectral features identified in some of the principal component loading vectors are referred to the biochemical elements present on the SN and were increased in the groups treated with LLLT, mainly lipids (sphingo and phospholipids) and proteins (collagen)—constituents of the myelin sheath. The RS was effective in identifying the biochemical differences in the SN after the crush injury, and LASER 660 nm was more efficient than the LASER 808 nm in cell proliferation and repair of the injured SN.

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Funding

The authors thank FAPEMA (Foundation for Research Support and Scientific and Technological Development of the Maranhão) for the research grant support (Universal Process no. 01377/16), FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation) for the partial financial support (Grant no. 2009/01788-5), and CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) for the productivity fellowship (Process no. 306344/2017-3). The authors also thank LACEMA (Academic League of Experimental Surgery of Maranhão).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Santa Terezinha – CEST, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil

    Melissa de Almeida Melo Maciel Mangueira

  2. Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Maranhão – UFMA, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil

    Nilton Maciel Mangueira, Ozimo Pereira Gama Filho, Márcio Moysés de Oliveira & Renato Albuquerque Heluy

  3. Center for Innovation, Technology and Education – CITE, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi – UAM, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondensan, 500, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12247-016, Brazil

    Landulfo Silveira Jr

  4. Physiological Sciences Department, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Avenida Professor Manuel de Abreu, 444/ 5° andar, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil

    Egas Caparelli Moniz de Aragão Dáquer

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Correspondence to Nilton Maciel Mangueira.

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It is approved by Commission of Ethics in the Use of Animals (CEUA) from Federal University of Maranhão (protocol no. 23115.005396/2016-65).

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de Almeida Melo Maciel Mangueira, M., Maciel Mangueira, N., Pereira Gama Filho, O. et al. Biochemical changes in injured sciatic nerve of rats after low-level laser therapy (660 nm and 808 nm) evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. Lasers Med Sci 34, 525–535 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2627-1

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