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Effect of 660 nm visible red light on cell proliferation and viability in diabetic models in vitro under stressed conditions

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Abstract

The current study evaluated the photobiomodulatory effect of visible red light on cell proliferation and viability in various fibroblast diabetic models in vitro, namely, unstressed normal (N) and stressed normal wounded (NW), diabetic wounded (DW), hypoxic wounded (HW) and diabetic hypoxic wounded (DHW). Cells were irradiated at a wavelength of 660 nm with a fluence of 5 J/cm2 (11.23 mW/cm2), which related to an irradiation time of 7 min and 25 s. Control cells were not irradiated (0 J/cm2). Cells were incubated for 48 h and cellular proliferation was determined by measuring 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) in the S-phase (flow cytometry), while viability was assessed by the Trypan blue exclusion test and Apoptox-glo triplex assay. In comparison with the respective controls, PBM increased viability in N- (P ≤ 0.001), HW- (P ≤ 0.01) and DHW-cells (P ≤ 0.05). HW-cells showed a significant progression in the S-phase (P ≤ 0.05). Also, there was a decrease in the G2M phase in HW- and DHW-cells (P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.05, respectively). This study concludes that hypoxic wounded and diabetic hypoxic wounded models responded positively to PBM, and PBM does not damage stressed cells but has a stimulatory effect on cell viability and proliferation to promote repair and wound healing. This suggests that the more stressed the cells are the better they responded to photobiomodulation (PBM).

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Acknowledgements

All lasers were supplied and set up by the CSIR National Laser Centre.

Funding

This study was funded by the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant No. 98337), as well as grants received from the University of Johannesburg, the African Laser Centre (student bursary) and CSIR National Laser Centre Laser Rental Pool Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa

    S. M. Ayuk, N. N. Houreld & H. Abrahamse

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  1. S. M. Ayuk
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  2. N. N. Houreld
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  3. H. Abrahamse
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Correspondence to N. N. Houreld.

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This study received ethical approval from the University of Johannesburg, Faculty of Health Sciences Academic Ethics Committee (AEC01-13-2014).

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The material in this research paper submitted to Lasers in Medical Science has neither been published nor is being considered elsewhere for publication.

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Ayuk, S.M., Houreld, N.N. & Abrahamse, H. Effect of 660 nm visible red light on cell proliferation and viability in diabetic models in vitro under stressed conditions. Lasers Med Sci 33, 1085–1093 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2432-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2432-2

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