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Photoinactivation effect of eosin methylene blue and chlorophyllin sodium-copper against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

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Abstract

The use of eosin methylene blue according to Giemsa as photosensitizer is presented for the first time in this paper. The present study evaluated the potential application of chlorophyllin sodium copper salt (CuChlNa) and eosin methylene blue according to Giemsa (EMB) as antimicrobial photosensitizers (aPS) for photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative) bacteria. The experiments were performed using S. aureus stain ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 in which five aPS concentrations (0.0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μM for S. aureus and 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0, and 50.0 μM for E. coli) were prepared and added in 2 mL of a saline solution containing the bacterial inoculum. After aPS incubation, the samples were divided into two groups, one kept in the dark and another submitted to the illumination. Then, the bacterial inactivation was determined 18 h after the incubation at 37 °C by counting the colony-forming units (CFU). The results revealed that both EMB and CuChlNa can be used as aPS for the photoinactivation of S. aureus, while only EMB was able to photoinactivate E. coli. Nevertheless, a more complex experimental setup was needed for photoinactivation of E. coli. The data showed that EMB and CuChlNa presented similar photoinactivation effects on S. aureus, in which bacterial growth was completely inhibited at photosensitizer (PS) concentrations over 5 μM, when samples were previously incubated for 30 min and irradiated by a light dose of 30 J cm−2 as a result of an illumination of 1 h at 8.3 mW cm−2 by using a red light at 625 nm with a 1 cm beam diameter and output power of 6.5 mW. In the case of E. coli, bacterial growth was completely inhibited only when combining a PS incubation period of 120 min with concentrations over 20 μM.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the technical support provided by Mr. Esmael Dias Prado and Marcelo Alves Teixeira.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Espectroscopia e Bioinformática Aplicados a Biodiversidade e a Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil

    Cynthia S. A. Caires & Valter A. Nascimento

  2. Grupo de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil

    Cassia R. B. Leal & Carlos A. N. Ramos

  3. Grupo de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil

    Danielle Bogo

  4. Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil

    Alessandra R. Lima, Eduardo J. Arruda, Samuel L. Oliveira & Anderson R. L. Caires

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  1. Cynthia S. A. Caires
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  2. Cassia R. B. Leal
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  6. Eduardo J. Arruda
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  7. Samuel L. Oliveira
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  8. Anderson R. L. Caires
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Anderson R. L. Caires or Valter A. Nascimento.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Institute of Science and Technology of Optics and Photonics (Grant 440585/2016-3).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures were performed according to the ethical standards of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. An ethical approval was not needed.

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Caires, C.S.A., Leal, C.R.B., Ramos, C.A.N. et al. Photoinactivation effect of eosin methylene blue and chlorophyllin sodium-copper against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Lasers Med Sci 32, 1081–1088 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2210-1

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