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Influence of the hydration state on the ultrashort laser ablation of dental hard tissues

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Abstract

Since about 40 years, laser-based surgical tools have been used in medicine and dentistry to improve clinical protocols. In dentistry, femtosecond lasers have been claimed to be a potential ablation tool. It would, however, be good to perform a more fundamental investigation to understand ablation interaction mechanisms and possible side effects, depending on different specific components of the target tissue. The goal of this study is to show the changes of ablation characteristics in the femtosecond regime at different levels of structural water within dental hard tissues. Thirty human teeth samples were split into three hydration groups and subdivided into dentin and enamel groups (n = 5). The specimens were irradiated using a 70-fs Ti:sapphire laser (with a 1-kHz repetition rate and a 801-nm wavelength output). Ablation was performed using five different power levels and three exposure times. The results clearly show an inversely proportional dependence of the ablation threshold to the hydration level of the tissues. A known mathematical model was adapted in order to include the influence of the changes on the relative fractional composition of dental hard tissues. This analysis was consistent with the experimental results regarding the ablation threshold. High thermal and mechanical damages were observed as a high repetition rate had been applied. Macroscopic images and scanning electron microscopy images were used to preliminarily analyze both the thermal and mechanical damage thresholds, and their variations according to the hydration level present. By manipulating the hydration states, the modifications in the proportions of the molecules that build dental hard tissues clearly shift, and therefore, the characteristics of a plasma-induced ablation change.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Brazilian funding agencies CAPES, CNPq, FAPESP, and FAPEAL for the financial support of this work. The research of F.G. Rego-Filho and G. Nicolodelli are supported by graduate studentships from CAPES and CNPq.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil

    Francisco de Assis M. G. Rego Filho & Maria Tereza de Araujo

  2. Mestrado em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista (UNIP), São Paulo, São Paulo, 04026-002, Brazil

    Maristela Dutra-Corrêa

  3. Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil

    Gustavo Nicolodelli & Vanderlei S. Bagnato

Authors
  1. Francisco de Assis M. G. Rego Filho
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  2. Maristela Dutra-Corrêa
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  3. Gustavo Nicolodelli
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  4. Vanderlei S. Bagnato
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  5. Maria Tereza de Araujo
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Correspondence to Francisco de Assis M. G. Rego Filho.

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Rego Filho, F.A.M.G., Dutra-Corrêa, M., Nicolodelli, G. et al. Influence of the hydration state on the ultrashort laser ablation of dental hard tissues. Lasers Med Sci 28, 215–222 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1118-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1118-z

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