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Low-level Er:YAG laser irradiation enhances osteoblast proliferation through activation of MAPK/ERK

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Abstract

Although the use of high-level Er:YAG laser irradiation has been increasing in periodontal and peri-implant therapy, the effects of low-level Er:YAG laser on surrounding tissues and cells remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of low-level Er:YAG laser irradiation on osteoblast proliferation were investigated. Cells of the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 were treated with low-level Er:YAG laser irradiation with various combinations of laser settings (fluence 0.7–17.2 J/cm2) and in the absence or presence of culture medium during irradiation. On day 1 and/or day 3, cell proliferation and death were determined by cell counting and by measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Further, the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in laser-enhanced cell proliferation was investigated by inhibiting the MAPK pathways and then measuring MAPK phosphorylation by Western blotting. Higher proliferation rates were found with various combinations of irradiation parameters on days 1 and 3. Significantly higher proliferation was also observed in laser-irradiated MC3T3-E1 cells at a fluence of approximately 1.0–15.1 J/cm2, whereas no increase in LDH activity was observed. Further, low-level Er:YAG irradiation induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) 5 to 30 min after irradiation. Although MAPK/ERK 1/2 inhibitor U0126 significantly inhibited laser-enhanced cell proliferation, activation of stress-activated protein kinases/Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) and p38 MAPK was not clearly detected. These results suggest that low-level Er:YAG laser irradiation increases osteoblast proliferation mainly by activation of MAPK/ERK, suggesting that the Er:YAG laser may be able to promote bone healing following periodontal and peri-implant therapy.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by a grant from the Global Center of Excellence Program for Frontier Research in Tooth and Bone Diseases at Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and by a Grand-in-Aid for Scientific Research (c)(2) (no. 16592064 and no. 19592382) to A.A., from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. Authors wish to thank Drs. Motohiro Komaki and Keiko Tanaka for their kind assistance and support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Periodontology, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    Verica Aleksic, Akira Aoki, Aristeo Atsushi Takasaki & Yuichi Izumi

  2. Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Verica Aleksic & Yuichi Izumi

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan

    Kengo Iwasaki

  4. Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China

    Chen-Ying Wang

  5. Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Matsudo, Japan

    Yoshimitsu Abiko

  6. Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan

    Isao Ishikawa

Authors
  1. Verica Aleksic
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  2. Akira Aoki
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  3. Kengo Iwasaki
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  4. Aristeo Atsushi Takasaki
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  5. Chen-Ying Wang
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  6. Yoshimitsu Abiko
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  7. Isao Ishikawa
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  8. Yuichi Izumi
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Correspondence to Akira Aoki.

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Aleksic, V., Aoki, A., Iwasaki, K. et al. Low-level Er:YAG laser irradiation enhances osteoblast proliferation through activation of MAPK/ERK. Lasers Med Sci 25, 559–569 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-010-0761-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-010-0761-5

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