Abstract
With the aim of accelerating the regenerative processes, the objective was to study the influence of gallium–aluminum–arsenide (GaAlAs) laser (660 nm) on functional and histomorphological recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats. The sciatic nerves of 12 Wistar rats were crushed divided into two groups: control and laser therapy. For the latter, GaAlAs laser was utilized (660 nm, 4 J/cm2, 26.3 mW and 0.63 cm2 beam), at three equidistant points on the lesion, for 20 days. Comparison of the sciatic functional index (SFI) showed that there was a significant difference only between the pre-lesion value of the laser therapy group and that after the 21st day in the control group. It was concluded that the parameters and methods utilized demonstrated positive results regarding the SFI over the time period evaluated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rochkind S, Quaknine GE (1992) New trend in neuroscience: low-power laser effect on peripheral and central nervous system (basic science, preclinical and clinical studies). Neurol Res 14:2–11
Rodrígues FJ, Valero-Cabré A, Navarro X (2004) Regeneration and functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury. Drug Discov Today Dis Models 1:177–185. doi:10.1016/j.ddmod.2004.09.008
Noble J, Munro CA, Prasad VSSV (1998) Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries. J Trauma 45:116–122. doi:10.1097/00005373-199807000-00025
Mendonça AC, Barbieri CH, Mazzer N (2003) Directly applied low intensity direct electric current enhances peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. J Neurosci Methods 129:183–190. doi:10.1016/S0165-0270(03)00207-3
Raso VVM, Barbieri CH, Mazzer N, Fasan VS (2005) Can therapeutic ultrasound influence the regeneration of the peripheral nerves? J Neurosci Methods 142:185–192. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.08.016
Inserra MM, Bloch DA, Terris DJ (1998) Functional indices for sciatic, peronal, and posterior tibial nerve lesions in the mouse. Microsurgery 18:119–124 doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2752(1998)18:2<119::AID-MICR10>3.0.CO;2-0
Rochkind S, Nissan M, Alon M, Shamir M, Salame K (2001) Effects of laser irradiation on the spinal cord for the regeneration of crushed peripheral nerve in rats. Lasers Surg Med 28:216–219. doi:10.1002/lsm.1041
Oliveira LS, Sobral LL, Takeda SY, Betini J, Guirro RR, Somazz MC, Teodori RM (2008) Electrical stimulation and swimming in the acute phase of axonotmesis: their influence on nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Rev Neurol 47:11–15
Basford JR (1995) Low intensity laser therapy: still not an established clinical tool. Lasers Surg Med 16:331–342. doi:10.1002/lsm.1900160404
Gigo-Benato D, Geuna S, Rochkind S (2005) Phototherapy for enhancing peripheral nerve repair: a review of the literature. Muscle Nerve 31:694–701. doi:10.1002/mus.20305
Kozhakhmetov AN (1993) The evaluation of the adequacy of anesthesia during delivery (in Russian). Akush Ginekol (Mosk) 2:36–39
Almeida EMP, Nunes N, Fantinatti AP, Santos PSP, Bolzan AA, Rezende ML (2000) Efeitos cardiorrespiratórios da associação de tiletamina/zolazepam em cães (Canis familiaris) pré-tratados ou não pela acepromazina. Braz J Vet Anim Sci 37:45–51
Privado MS, Sakata RK, Issy AM (2004) Estudo comparativo entre fentanil por vias peridural e venosa para analgesia de operações ortopédicas. Rev Bras Anestesiol 54:634–639. doi:10.1590/S0034-70942004000500003
Dijkstra JR, Meek MF, Robinson PH, Gramsbergen A (2000) Methods to evaluate functional nerve recovery in adult rats: walking track analysis, video analysis and the withdrawal reflex. J Neurosci Methods 96:89–96. doi:10.1016/S0165-0270(99)00174-0
Beau JML, Ellisman MH, Powell HC (1988) Ultrastructural and morphometric analysis of long-term peripheral nerve regeneration through silicone tubes. J Neurocytol 17:161–172. doi:10.1007/BF01674203
Dahlin LB (2004) The biology of nerve injury and repair. J Am Soc Surg Hand 4:143–155. doi:10.1016/j.jassh.2004.06.006
Johnson EO, Zoubos AB, Soucacos PN (2005) Regeneration and repair of peripheral nerves. Injury 36:S24–S29. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2005.10.012
Lent R (2004) Cem bilhões de neurônios: conceitos fundamentais da neurociência, 3rd edn. Atheneu, São Paulo, p 135
Rochkind S, Nissan M, Lubart R, Avram J, Bartal A (1988) The in-vivo nerve response to direct low-energy-laser irradiation. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 94:74–77. doi:10.1007/BF01406620
Rochkind S, Vogler I, Barr-Nea L (1990) Spinal cord response to laser treatment of injured peripheral nerve. Spine 15:6–10. doi:10.1097/00007632-199001000-00003
Anders JJ, Borke RC, Woolery SK, Merwe WPV (1993) Low power laser irradiation alters the rate of regeneration of the facial nerve. Lasers Surg Med 13:72–182. doi:10.1002/lsm.1900130113
Khullar SM, Brodin P, Messelt EB, Haanaes HR (1995) The effects of low level laser treatment on recovery of nerve conduction and motor function after compression injury in the rat sciatic nerve. Eur J Oral Sci 103:299–305. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00030.x
Bagis S, Comelekoglu U, Sahin G, Buyukakilli B, Erdogan C, Kanik A (2002) Acute electrophysiologic effect of pulsed gallium-arsenide low energy laser irradiation on configuration of compound nerve action potential and nerve excitability. Lasers Surg Med 30:376–380. doi:10.1002/lsm.10057
Shin DH, Lee E, Hyun J, Lee SJ, Chang YP, Kim J, Choi YS, Kwon BS (2003) Growth-associated protein-43 is elevated in the injured rat sciatic nerve after low power irradiation. Neurosci Lett 344:71–74. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00354-9
Rochkind S, Nissan M, Razon N, Schwartz M, Bartal A (1986) Electrophysiological effect of HeNe laser on normal and injured sciatic nerve in the rat. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 83:125–130. doi:10.1007/BF01402391
Sotelo PR, Sosa VMR, Martínez RT, Barry HG (1996) El laser helio-neon en la regeneración del nervio ciático seccionado y suturado. Rev Cubana Cir 35:00
Schwartz F, Brodie C, Appel E, Kazimirsky G, Shainberg A (2002) Effect of helium/neon laser irradiation on nerve growth factor synthesis and secretion in skeletal muscle cultures. J Photochem Photobiol B 66:195–200. doi:10.1016/S1011-1344(02)00267-1
Snyder SK, Byrnes KR, Borke RC, Sanches A, Anders JJ (2002) Quantitation of calcitonin gene-related peptide mRNA and neuronal cell death in facial motor nuclei following axotomy and 633 nm low power laser. Lasers Surg Med 31:216–222. doi:10.1002/lsm.10098
Khullar SM, Brodin P, Fristad I, Kvinnsland IH (1999) Enhanced sensory reinnervation of dental target tissues in rats following low level laser (LLL) irradiation. Lasers Med Sci 14:177–184. doi:10.1007/s101030050082
Walsh DM, Baxter GD, Allen JM (2000) Lack of effect of pulsed low-intensity infrared (820 nm) laser irradiation on nerve conduction in the human superficial radial nerve. Lasers Surg Med 26:485–490 doi:10.1002/1096-9101(2000)26:5<485::AID-LSM8>3.0.CO;2-6
Shamir MH, Rochkind S, Sandbank J, Alon M (2001) Double-blind randomized study evaluating regeneration of the rat transected sciatic nerve after suturing and postoperative low-power laser treatment. J Reconstr Microsurg 17:133–137. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12702
Miloro M, Halkias LE, Mallery S, Travers S, Rashid RG, Neb O (2002) Low-level laser effect on neural regeneration in Gore-Tex tubes. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 93:27–34. doi:10.1067/moe.2002.119518
Gigo-Benato D, Geuna S, Rodrigues AC, Fornaro PTM, Boux E, Battiston B, Giacobini-Robecchi MG (2004) Low-power laser biostimulation enhances nerve repair after end-to-side neurorrhaphy: a double-blind randomized study in the rat median nerve model. Lasers Med Sci 19:57–65. doi:10.1007/s10103-004-0300-3
Nicolau RA, Martinez MS, Rigau J, Tomàs J (2004) Effect of power 655 nm diode laser irradiation on the neuromuscular junctions of the mouse diaphragm. Lasers Surg Med 34:277−284. doi:10.1002/lsm.20006
Byrnes KR, Waynant RW, Ilev IK, Wu X, Barna L, Smith K, Heckert R, Gerst H, Anders JJ (2005) Light promotes regeneration and functional recovery and alters the immune response after spinal cord injury. Lasers Surg Med 36:171−185. doi:10.1002/lsm.20143
Bagis S, Comelekoglu U, Coskun B, Milcan A, Buyukakilli B, Sahin G, Ozisik S, Erdogan C (2003) No effect of GA-AS (904 nm) laser irradiation on the intact skin of the injured rat sciatic nerve. Lasers Med Sci 18:83–88. doi:10.1007/s10103-003-0258-6
Rochkind S, Barr-Nea L, Bartal A, Nissan M, Lubart R, Razon N (1988) New methods of treatment of severely injured sciatic nerve and spinal cord: an experimental study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 43:91–93 b
Chelyshev IA, Kubitskii AA, Plakseichuk A (1996) Regeneratsiia nervnykh volokon pri obluchenii nizkointensivnymi lazerami. Morfologiia 110:47–50
Bervar M (2000) Video analysis of standing—an alternative footprint analysis to assess functional loss following injury to the rat sciatic nerve. J Neurosci Methods 102:109–116. doi:10.1016/S0165-0270(00)00281-8
Koka R, Hadlock TA (2001) Quantification of functional recovery following rat sciatic nerve transaction. Exp Neurol 168:192–195. doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7600
Varejão ASP, Cabrita AM, Geuna S, Melo-Pinto P, Filipe VM, Gramsbergen A, Meek MF (2003) Toe out angle: a functional index for the evaluation of the sciatic nerve recovery in the rat model. Exp Neurol 183:695–699. doi:10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00208-5
Lubiatowski P, Unsal FM, Nair D, Ozer K, Siemionow M (2008) The epineural sleeve technique for nerve graft reconstruction enhances nerve recovery. Microsurgery 28:160–167. doi:10.1002/micr.20472
Monte-Raso VV, Barbieri CH, Mazzer N, Yamasita AC, Barbieri G (2008) Is the sciatic functional index always reliable and reproducible? J Neurosci Methods 170:255–261. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.01.022
Karu TI (1988) Molecular mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of low-intensity laser irradiation. Lasers Life Sci 2:53–74
Manteifel VM, Karu TI (2005) Structure of mitochondria and activity of their respiratory chain in successive generations of yeast cells exposed to He-Ne laser light. Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol 32:556–566
Rummler LS, Paul TD, Gupta R (2004) The anatomy and biochemistry of myelin and myelination. Oper Tech Orthop 14:146–152. doi:10.1053/j.oto.2004.06.005
Klebanov GI, Kreinina MV, Poltanov EA, Khristoforova TV, Vladimirov YA (2001) Mechanism of therapeutics effect of low-intensity infrared laser irradiation. Bull Exp Biol Med 131:239–241. doi:10.1023/A:1017643230376
Woodruff LD, Bounkeo JM, Brannon WM, Dawes KS, Barham CD, Waddell DL, Enwemeka CS (2004) The efficacy of laser therapy in wound repair: a meta-analysis of the literature. Photomed Laser Surg 22:241–247. doi:10.1089/1549541041438623
Vladimirov YA, Osipov AN, Klebanov GI (2004) Photobiological principles of therapeutic applications of laser radiation. Biochemistry 69:89–90
Karu TI, Pyatibrat LV, Afanasyeva NI (2004) A novel mitochondrial signaling pathway activated by visible-to-near infrared radiation. Photochem Photobiol 80:366–372. doi:10.1562/2004-03-25-RA-123.1
Ihsan FRM (2005) Low-level laser therapy accelerates collateral circulation and enhances microcirculation. Photomed Laser Surg 23:289–294. doi:10.1089/pho.2005.23.289
Montoya GJV, Ariza J, Sutachán JJ, Hurtado H (2002) Relationship between functional deficiencies and the contribution of myelin nerve fibers derived from L-4, L-5, and L-6 spinolumbar branches in adult rat sciatic nerve. Exp Neurol 173:266–274. doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7806
de Medinaceli L (1995) Interpreting nerve morphometry data after experimental traumatic lesions. J Neurosci Methods 58:29–37. doi:10.1016/0165-0270(94)00156-B
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Belchior, A.C.G., dos Reis, F.A., Nicolau, R.A. et al. Influence of laser (660 nm) on functional recovery of the sciatic nerve in rats following crushing lesion. Lasers Med Sci 24, 893–899 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-008-0642-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-008-0642-3