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Clean dyeing of cotton fiber using a novel nicotinic acid quaternary triazine cationic reactive dye: salt-free, alkali-free, and non-toxic by-product

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Abstract

The traditional dyeing methods of reactive dyes leave a high amount of salt and alkali in the dye bath waste, causing serious environmental problems. A comparative study of four reactive anthraquinone dyes was made in this paper. It is concluded that Dye 4 which has cationic soluble groups and nicotinic acid quaternary triazine reactive group giving a high level of exhaustion and fixation on cotton fiber in the absence of salt and alkali. In addition to that, the by-product, namely nicotinic acid, is not environmentally harmful and does not show side effects of pollution. The utilization of Dye 4 is nearly 20 % higher than that of an ordinary reactive dye (Dye 1). Meanwhile, the color fastness of Dye 4 to rubbing, washing, and light on cotton fiber were good throughout and almost the same as those of Dye 1. Therefore, from the standpoint of environmental protection, Dye 4 which has the advantages of salt-free, alkali-free, high utilization, and non-toxic by-product is an environmentally acceptable dye for clean reactively dyeing on cotton fiber.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. BK20141260) and Nantong Textile Institute of Soochow University (Grant No. NS1214).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Light Chemical Engineering Department, Yancheng Institute of Industry Technology, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China

    Yan Zhang & Wei Zhang

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  1. Yan Zhang
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  2. Wei Zhang
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Correspondence to Wei Zhang.

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Zhang, Y., Zhang, W. Clean dyeing of cotton fiber using a novel nicotinic acid quaternary triazine cationic reactive dye: salt-free, alkali-free, and non-toxic by-product. Clean Techn Environ Policy 17, 563–569 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0821-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0821-9

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