Abstract
The aim of this paper is to introduce a novel approach which supports facility planning in the field of waste management. Only 23 % of municipal solid waste (MSW) was thermally treated in the EU 27 in 2011. The increased exploitation of its potential for energy recovery must be accompanied by massive investments into highly efficient and reliable incineration technologies. Therefore, the challenge is to be efficient and use the technology to its optimal level. Feasibility studies of all plants providing a service for a region create a large and complex task. Gate fee (the charge for waste processing in the facility) represents one of the most crucial input parameters for the assessment. The gate fee is driven by configuration of the technology, competition, market development, environmental taxation and costs of waste transport to satisfy the plant’s capacity. Valid prediction of the gate fee thus presents a demanding task. In this paper, first, an advanced tool called NERUDA is introduced, which addresses logistic optimization and capacity sizing. The key idea is to focus on the problem of competition modelling among waste-to-energy plants, landfill sites, and mechanical–biological treatment plants producing refuse-derived fuel. Then, the main theoretical concepts are discussed, followed by the development of a suitable mathematical model. The goal is to obtain a minimized cost of MSW treatment for waste producers (municipalities). The application of the developed tool is demonstrated through a case study, where uncertain parameters entering the calculation are handled by a repetitive Monte Carlo simulation based on real-world data.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CEE:
-
Central and Eastern Europe
- CZE:
-
Czech Republic
- DH:
-
District heating
- EU:
-
European Union
- IRR:
-
Internal rate of return
- LCA:
-
Life-cycle assessment
- MBT:
-
Mechanical and biological treatment
- MSW:
-
Municipal solid waste
- R1:
-
Energy efficiency, R1 factor
- RDF:
-
Refuse-derived fuel
- WM:
-
Waste management
- WMP:
-
Waste management plan
- WTE:
-
Waste-to-energy (plant)
References
BiPRO (2012) Screening of waste management performance of EU Member States. European Commission, Brussels
Birge JR, Louveaux F (2011) Introduction to stochastic programming, 2nd edn. Springer, New York
CEWEP—Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants (2013) Energising waste—a win–win situation. http://www.cewep.eu/information/publicationsandstudies/statements/ceweppublications/m_1181. Accessed 14 November 2013
Consonni S, Giugliano M, Grosso M (2005) Alternative strategies for energy recovery from municipal solid waste: part B: emission and cost estimates. Waste Manag 25:137–148
Dehoust G, Schüler D, Vogt R, Giegrich J (2010) Klimaschutzpotenziale der abfallwirtschaft: am beispiel von siedlungsabfällen und altholz. Öko-Inst. eV, Berlin
Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (2013) Mechanical biological treatment of municipal solid waste. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/221039/pb13890-treatment-solid-waste.pdf. Accessed 12 Oct 2013
Eunomia Research and Consulting (2013) Residual waste infrastructure review: high-level analysis: issue 5. Eunomia, Bristol
European Commission (2012) Use of economic instruments and waste management performances: final report. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/pdf/final_report_10042012.pdf. Accessed 27 November 2013
Eurostat (2012) Key Indicators on EU Policy—Structural indicators—environment—municipal waste (generated, landfilled and incinerated). http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. Accessed 22 November 2013
Ghiani G, Laporte G, Musmanno R (2004) Introduction to logistics systems planning and control. Wiley, Chichester
Ghiani G, Lagana D, Manni E, Musmanno R, Vigo D (2014) Operations research in -solid waste management: a survey of strategic and tactical issues, 27. 11. 2013. Comput Oper Res 44:22–32
Grosso M, Motta A, Rigamonti L (2010) Efficiency of energy recovery from waste incineration, in the light of the new waste framework directive. Waste Manage 30:1238–1243
Huang GH, Sae-Lim N, Liu L, Chen Z (2001) An interval-parameter fuzzy-stochastic programming approach for municipal solid waste management and planning. In: environmental modeling and assessment 6. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1013394118863#page-1. Accessed 1 December 2013
Kettl KH, Eder M, Narodoslawsky M, Niemetz N (2012) RegiOpt conceptual planner: identifying possible energy network solutions for regions. Chem Eng Trans 29:517–522
Lang D, Binder CR, Stäubli B, Schleiss K, Scholz RW (2003) Optimization of waste management systems by integrating material fluxes agents and regulatory mechanisms: the case of bio-waste. Conference Environment 2010: situation and perspectives for the European Union 6–10 May 2003, Porto
Ma W, Hoffmann G, Schirmer M, Chen G, Rotter VS (2010) Chlorine characterization and thermal behavior in MSW and RDF. J Hazard Mater 178:489–498
Münster M, Finnveden G, Wenzel H (2013) Future waste treatment and energy systems: examples of joint scenarios. Waste Manag 33:2457–2464
Pavlas M, Touš M (2009) Efficient waste-to-energy system as a contribution to clean technologies. Clean Technol Environ Policy 11:19–29
Pavlas M, Touš M, Bébar L, Stehlík P (2010) Waste to energy: an evaluation of the environmental impact. Appl Therm Eng 30:2326–2332
Pavlas M, Mareš M, Ucekaj V, Oral J, Stehlík P (2012) Optimum waste-based electricity generation support scheme and its impact on power prices for end-users: final report of the project EFEKT 2012. EVECO Brno Ltd. and Brno University of Technology, Brno
Reimann DO (2012) CEWEP energy report III (Status 2007–2010) Results of specific data for energy, efficiency rates and coefficients, plant efficiency factors and NCV of 314 european waste-to-energy plants. http://www.cewep.eu/m_1069. Accessed 29 November 2013
Šomplák R, Touš M, Ferdan T, Pavlas M, Popela P (2012a) Waste-to-energy facility planning supported by stochastic programming: part II introduction. Chem Eng Trans 29:739–744
Šomplák R, Pavlas M, Ucekaj V, Popela P (2012b) Waste-to-energy facility planning supported by stochastic programming: part I introduction. Chem Eng Trans 29:649–654
Süle Z, Bertók B, Friedler F, Fan LT (2011) Optimal design of supply chains by P-graph-framework regarding uncertainties of utilizing renewable raw materials. Chem Eng Trans 25:453–458
The Chartered Institution of Wastes Management (CHIWM) (2013) Research into SRF and RDF exports to other EU countries. http://www.ciwm.co.uk/. Accessed 13 Oct 2013
The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union (2008) Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives. Off J Eur Communities L312:3–30
Thiel S (2011) Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT) and incineration in a waste management system. RECUWATT Conference: recycling and energy 25 March 2011, Barcelona
Van de Wiel H (2010) Incineration tax unpopular with European Industry. Reward good behaviour, punish bad behaviour. http://www.wastematters.eu/uploads/media/Incineration_tax_unpopular_with_European_waste_industry.pdf. Accessed 2 December 2013
Varbanov PS, Klemeš JJ, Kravanja Z, Čuček L (2012) Reducing the dimensionality of criteria in multi-objective optimisation of biomass energy supply-chains. Chem Eng Trans 29:1231–1236
Velis CA, Brunner PH (2013) Recycling and resource efficiency: it is time for a change from quantity to quality. Waste Manag Res 31:539–540
Williams PH (2009) Logic and integer programming. Springer, London
Young D, Hawkins T, Ingwersen W, Smith R (2012) Designing sustainable supply chains. Chem Eng Trans 29:253–258
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports within the projects No. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0020 ‘Science for practice’, CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0002 ‘NETME Centre – New Technologies for Mechanical Engineering’, and NETME Centre PLUS (LO1202) within the support programme—National Sustainability Programme I.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Šomplák, R., Pavlas, M., Kropáč, J. et al. Logistic model-based tool for policy-making towards sustainable waste management. Clean Techn Environ Policy 16, 1275–1286 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0744-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0744-5