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Circulating concentrations, cerebral output of the CINC-1 and blood–brain barrier disruption in Wistar rats after pneumococcal meningitis induction

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European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pneumococcal meningitis is a severe infectious illness of the central nervous system (CNS), with high rates of lethality and morbidity, being that the microorganism and the host’s inflammatory response are responsible for cerebral complications. Moreover, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) itself secretes cytokines and, because of the bipolar nature of the BBB, these substances can be secreted into either the CNS compartment or in the blood, so patients with acute bacterial meningitis frequently develop sepsis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytokine/chemokine levels in different vessels and the BBB integrity after pneumococcal meningitis induction. Wistar rats were infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the BBB integrity was investigated using Evan’s blue dye. Also, blood from the carotid artery and jugular vein was collected in order to perform tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-60 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1) analyses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CINC-1 levels were increased at 6 h in the arterial plasma and at 3 and 6 h in the jugular plasma. We observed BBB breakdown between 12 and 24 h in the hippocampus and at 12 and 18 h in the cortex after pneumococcal meningitis induction. The increase of CINC-1 occurred prior to the BBB breakdown. CINC-1 is a neutrophil chemoattractant and it may be related to early events in the pneumococcal meningitis pathophysiology.

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Abbreviations

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

CINC-1:

Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1

CFU:

Colony-forming units

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

CNS:

Central nervous system

IL-1β:

Interleukin-1 beta

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

S. pneumoniae :

Streptococcus pneumoniae

TNF-α:

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by grants from CNPq, FAPEMIG, FAPESC, UNESC, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina and L´Oréal-UNESCO Brazil Fellowship for Women in Science 2011.

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The authors have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    T. Barichello, J. S. Generoso, C. Silvestre, C. S. Costa, M. M. Carrodore, A. L. Cipriano & C. M. Michelon

  2. Laboratório de Fisiopatologia and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    F. Petronilho & F. Dal-Pizzol

  3. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    M. C. Vilela & A. L. Teixeira

  4. Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

    M. C. Vilela

Authors
  1. T. Barichello
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  2. J. S. Generoso
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  3. C. Silvestre
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  4. C. S. Costa
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  5. M. M. Carrodore
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  6. A. L. Cipriano
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  7. C. M. Michelon
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  8. F. Petronilho
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  9. F. Dal-Pizzol
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  10. M. C. Vilela
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  11. A. L. Teixeira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Barichello.

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Barichello, T., Generoso, J.S., Silvestre, C. et al. Circulating concentrations, cerebral output of the CINC-1 and blood–brain barrier disruption in Wistar rats after pneumococcal meningitis induction. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 31, 2005–2009 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1533-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1533-2

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